Renal Labs Flashcards
What is the normal range for BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)
10-20mg/dl
What does increased BUN indicate?
In acute kidney injury: can increase by
10-15 mg/dl/day, returning to baseline in Recovery Phase.
In chronic kidney disease, continues to increase.
Can also ↑ due to non-renal factors.
What is the normal range for Creatinine?
0.6-1.2 mg/dl
What is the significance of an inreased Creatinine count?
In acute kidney injury, can increase by
1-2 mg/dl/day, returning to baseline in Recovery Phase.
In chronic kidney disease, continues to increase. More reliable than BUN.
What is the baseline protein creatinine ratio?
10:1
What is the significance of increased BUN/Creatinine ratio?
Increased with hypoperfusion of kidneys.
Can be normal if both BUN and creatinine increase at the same rate.
What is the normal range for sodium (NA+)
135-145 mg/dl
What is the significance of increased sodium?
can indicate later stages of CKD as kidneys lose their ability to excrete sodium
What is the significance of decreased Sodium?
renal wasting of sodium associated with
damaged tubules, or with fluid overload (dilutional hyponatremia) as may occur in the oliguric phase of AKI or late CKD
What is the normal range for potassium (K+)
3.5-5 mEq/L
What is the danger of increased K+?
EKG changes occur with levels of more than 6.5
What is the normal range for Phosphate?
2.5-4.5 mg/dl
What happens to phosphate levels with Renal Failure?
They increase
What is the normal range for calcium?
9-11mg/dl
What happens to Calcium levels with Renal failure
They decrease
What is the normal range for Magnesium?
1.3-2.1mg/dl
What happens to Magnesium levels during renal failure?
They increase
What happens to PH levels with Renal failure
Decreases if patient is experiencing metabolic acidosis
Normalises with respiratory compensation
What are the expected changes in Hematocrit and Hemoglobin with renal failure
Both are decreased
What is the normal range for Hemoglobin?
Male: 13.5-18g/dl
Female: 12-16g/dl
What is the normal range for hematocrit?
Male 40-54%
Female 37-47%
what is the expected volume of urine per day?
1-1.5L day
what urine output do we expect to see in the Oliguric phase of AKI
less that 400cc per day (oliguria)
What kind of urine output do we expect in the diuretic phase of AKI?
Increased (above 1.5L per day)
What possible urine output happens with CKD?
Anuria
What happens to specific gravity with Renal failure?
It becomes decreased and fixed
What is the normal range of Urine SPecific Gravity?
1.010-1.020
Which type of kidney disease is indicated if protein is present in the urine?
Glomerularnephritis
How do we calculate Creatinine clearance?
urine creatinine X urine volume
serum creatinine
What is the minimum Creatinine clearance rate to maintain life without Dialysis?
10ml/min
What is the normal creatinine clearance rate?
115-125 mL/min
What is the normal eGFR rate
90-120mL/minute
What are the four factors used to calculate eGFR
- Serum Creatinine
- Age in years
- Gender
- Race
