Renal + Genitourinary Flashcards
What is in pyruria which makes it associated with infection?
Leucoctyes
Name 3 types of lower UTI.
Urethritis
Cystitis
Prostatitis
An uncomplicated UTI would mean there is normal renal tract and function. Name 4 features of a complicated UTI.
Voiding difficulty
Obstruction
Decreased renal function
Impaired host defence
What are the risk factors for developing a UTI?
Female sex Sexual intercourse Pregnancy Menopause Immunosuppression Urinary tract obstruction Incontinence
Name some causative organisms of UTI.
E.coli
Proteus
Enterococci
What are the symptoms of UTI?
Fever Abdominal pain Dysuria Frequency Urgency Nocturia Haematuria Incontinence Vaginal discharge
What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis?
Fever Rigor Vomiting Loin pain Oliguria New onset back pain
What investigations would you do if you suspect UTI?
Urine dipstick - not in pregnant women
MSU - pregnant women
Culture of urine
USS in recurrent UTI
Name features of urine dipstick.
Blood Glucose Leucocytes Nitrates Ketones PH Protein
What does the presence of casts on a urine culture suggest?
Bacteria and damage to kidney epithelium
Which antibiotics would you prescribe for a simple UTI in a non pregnant woman?
Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin for 3 days
Which antibiotics would you prescribe for a simple UTI in pregnant woman?
Nitrofurantoin for 7 days
Which antibiotics would you prescribe for a simple UTI in a man?
Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin for 7 days
Which antibiotics would you prescribe for an upper UTI in non pregnant women and men?
Co-amoxiclav/ ciprofloxacin for 7 days
Which antibiotics would you prescribe for an upper UTI in pregnant women?
Cefalexin for 7 days
