Renal Functions + Anatomy

Question 0

Removal of waste products

Answer 0

Urea (from protein) Uric acid (from nucleic acids) creatinine (from muscle creatine) end products of haemoglobin

Question 1

Role of the kidneys

Answer 1

Maintain the constancy of fluids in the body’s internal environment.

Balance water and inorganic ions
Excrete waste products
Excrete foreign chemicals
Secrete hormones

Question 2

Each part of the body fluid compartments

Answer 2

Intracellular fluid 2/3 of total water
Extracellular fluid 1/3 total water
Plasma (fluid portion of blood)
Interstitial fluid (space between cells)

Question 3

Blood supply to nephrons

Answer 3

Blood enters kidney via renal artery
Divides into arteries
These give rise to a parallel series of afferent arterioles
20% of plasma enters bowmans capsule
Glomerular capillaries recombine to form efferent arteriole

Question 4

Summary of kidneys

Answer 4

Maintain homeostatis by filtering the plasma.
They have additional endocrine roles related to calcium balance, blood pressure and red blood cell production.
For homeostatis input= output
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney

Question 5

5 sections of kidney

Answer 5

Medulla
Cortex
Renal pyramid
Renal pelvis
Ureter