Renal Function Flashcards
What is the anticoagulant of choice for blood gas
analysis?
a. Heparin
b. Sodium fluoride
c. Citrate
d. EDTA
a. Heparin
If HCO3- caused the acidosis or the alkalosis, it is what type of acid-base disorder?
a. Respiratory
b. Metabolic
c. Combined
b. Metabolic
The medical student next to you, realizing that there is an examination question on acid-base balance, begins nervously hyperventilating and then faints. You make him breathe into a paper bag and he recovers. If you had drawn and analyzed his blood when he fainted, you would have expected to see:
a. Elevated pH, increased pCO2
b. Decreased pH, decreased pCO2
c. Elevated pH, decreased pCO2
d. Decreased pH, increased pCO2
c. Elevated pH, decreased pCO2
Respiratory Alkalosis
What is the normal range of bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in arterial blood?
a. 35-45
b. 7.35-7.45
c. 22-26
c. 22-26
Sodium regulation occurs in the kidneys. Where does
majority of sodium reabsorption take place?
a. Ascending limb of the loop of Henle
b. Descending limb of the loop of Henle
c. Distal convoluted tubule
d. Proximal convoluted tubule
d. Proximal convoluted tubule
All of the following produces hypernatremia, EXCEPT:
a. Ingestion of sea water
b. Diabetes insipidus
c. Osmotic diarrhea
d. Inappropriate ADH secretion
d. Inappropriate ADH secretion
Polyuria is defined as urine volume in excess of how
many liters per day?
a. 2.5
b. 1.5
c. 10.0
d. 5.0
a. 2.5
Which of the following is the most sensitive biomarker of acute kidney injury at the earliest time point?
a. NGAL
b. FABP
c. KIM-1
d. IL-18
a. NGAL
Which of the following is the predominant intracellular
cation in the body?
a. Chloride
b. Sodium
c. Calcium
d. Potassium
d. Potassium
Which is the most predominant buffer system in the
body?
a. Phosphate/phosphoric acid
b. Bicarbonate/carbonic acid
c. Hemoglobin
d. Acetate/acetic acid
b. Bicarbonate/carbonic acid
A 30-year-old male, marathon runner is at high risk for fluid volume deficit. Which of the following is a related
factor?
A. Decreased diuresis V u
B. Abnormal fluid loss through the GIT
C. Decreased breathing and perspiration
D. Increased breathing and perspiration
D. Increased breathing and perspiration
Which of the following fluid compartments contains the largest volume of water?
A. Plasma
B. Interstitial compartment
C. Intracellular compartment
D. Extracellular compartment
C. Intracellular compartment
The medical student next to you, realizing that there is an examination question on acid-base balance, begins
nervously hyperventilating and then faints. You make him breathe into a paper bag and he recovers. If you
had drawn and analyzed his blood when he fainted, you would have expected to see which of the following?
A. Decreased pH, decreased pCO2
B. Decreased pH, increased pCO2
C. Elevated ph, decreased pCO2
D. Elevated pH, increased pCOz
C. Elevated ph, decreased pCOz
Which of the following sets of results is consistent with uncompensated metabolic acidosis?
A. pH 7,25, HCO: 15 mmol/L, PCO2 37 mm Hg
B. pH 7.30, HCO: 16 mmol/L, PCOz 28 mm Hg
C. pH 7.45, HCO3 22mmol/L, PCO2 40 mm g
D. pH 7.40, HCO, 35 mmol/L, PCO2 40 mm Hg
A. pH 7,25, HCO: 15 mmol/L, PCO2 37 mm Hg
Which of the following is an exogenous substance used to measure glomerular filtration rate?
A. Urea
B. Creatinine
C. Inulin
D. Cystatin C
C. Inulin
