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Study2 > Renal Failure > Flashcards

Renal Failure Flashcards

1
Q

Unilateral or bilateral failure?

A

Bilateral failure

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2
Q

Three causes?

A

Pre-renal failure
Intra-renal failure
Post-renal failure

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3
Q

Pre-renal failure. What happens?

A

Blood can’t get to the kidneys

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4
Q

Pre-renal failure–Blood can’t get to kidneys. Examples?

A
  • Hypotension
  • Decreased HR (arrhythmia)
  • Hypovolemic
  • Any form of shock
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5
Q

Intra-renal failure. What happens?

A

Damage has occurred inside the kidney

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6
Q

Intra-renal failure. Damage has occurred inside kidney. Examples? (5)

A
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Nephrotic syndrome
  • Dyes
  • Drugs
  • Malignant HTN and DM– both cause severe vascular damage
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7
Q

Example of a drug that is nephrotoxic

A

Aminoglycosides

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8
Q

Post-renal failure. What happens?

A

Urine can’t get out of kidneys

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9
Q

Post-renal failure. Examples of how urine can’t get out of kidneys (5)

A
  • Enlarged prostate
  • Kidney stone
  • Tumor
  • Unilateral obstruction
  • Edematous stoma (ileal conduit)
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10
Q

What RF?

Obstruction

A

Post renal failure

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11
Q

What RF?

Dyes

A

Intra-renal failure

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12
Q

What RF?

Blood can’t get to kidneys

A

Pre-renal

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13
Q

What RF?

Enlarged prostate

A

Post-renal

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14
Q

What RF?

Decreased HR

A

Pre-renal

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15
Q

What RF?

Glomerulonephritis

A

Intra-renal

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16
Q

What RF?

Shock

A

Pre-renal

17
Q

What RF?

Perfusion problem

A

Pre-renal

18
Q

What RF?

Severe vascular damage

A

Intra-renal

19
Q

What RF?

Hypotension

A

Pre-renal

20
Q

What RF?

Tumors

A

Post-renal

21
Q

What RF?

Damage has occurred inside kidney

A

Intra-renal

22
Q

What RF?

Urine can’t get out of kidneys

A

Post-renal

23
Q

S/S

What labs increased?

A

Cr and BUN

SG initially increased

24
Q

S/S

Blood problem

A

Anemia (not enough erythropoietin)

25
Q

S/S

What heart problems

A

HTN and HF (from retaining fluids)

26
Q

S/S

GI

A

Anorexia, NV (retaining toxins)

27
Q

S/S

Skin

A

Itching frost (uremic frost)

28
Q

S/S- Acid/base and FE imbalances

K? Phosphorous? Ca?

Acid base?

A

Increased K can lead to arrhythmias

Retain phosphorous, so decrease calcium, so calcium gets pulled from bone

Metabolic acidosis

29
Q

Two phases of acute RF..Kidneys have been damaged by one of the causes—this damage leads to the ___ phase

A

Oliguric phase

30
Q

Oliguric phase

UO?

A

Decrease

*100-400 mL/24 hours

31
Q

Oliguric phase

The client is in fluid volume depletion or excess

A

Excess

32
Q

Oliguric phase

K+?

A

Increase

33
Q

What is phase 2?

A

Diuretic phase

34
Q

Diuretic phase

Slow or sudden onset?

A

Sudden

35
Q

Diuretic phase

UO

A

Increase

36
Q

Diuretic phase

Fluid volume deficit or excess?

A

Deficit (shock!!)

37
Q

Diuretic phase

K+?

A

Decrease

*give replacements

Study2 (18 decks)

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