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Study2 > Neurological alterations: Meningitis and Seizures > Flashcards

Neurological alterations: Meningitis and Seizures Flashcards

1
Q

What is meningitis?

A

Inflammation of the spinal cord or brain

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2
Q

Causes of meningitis?

A

Viral or bacterial

*bacterial primarily transmitted through resp. system (can also occur as complication of LP)

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3
Q

Meningitis s/s

Temp

A

Chills and fever

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4
Q

Meningitis s/s

HA?

A

Yes, severe

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5
Q

Meningitis s/s

GI

A

NV

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6
Q

Meningitis s/s

Neck

A

Nucal rigidity (stiff neck)

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7
Q

Meningitis s/s

Eyes

A

Photophobia

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8
Q

Meningitis treatment-Drugs?

A

Steroids
Antibiotics if bacterial
Analgesics

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9
Q

Meningitis percautions?

A

Droplet

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10
Q

Bacterial meningitis is a very contagious _____

A

Medical emergency

*high mortality and immunizations are recommended for college/grad students

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11
Q

Viral meningitis is usually transmitted by ?

A

Feces and requires CONTACT precautions

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12
Q

Bacterial = ?

A

Droplet percautions

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13
Q

Viral = ?

A

Contact precautions

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14
Q

Seizures

Should be thought of as a _____ of an underlying disorder rather than a disease

A

Symptom

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15
Q

Seizures are not considered _____ if they discontinue when disease has gone away

A

Epilepsy

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16
Q

Partial seizure

A partial seizure is limited to a specific ____

A

Local area of the brain

17
Q

Partial seizure

What may be only manifestation?

A

An aura

18
Q

Partial seizure

Called what?

A

Focal seizures

19
Q

Partial seizure

Symptoms can range from?

A

Simple to complex

20
Q

Partial seizure

Simple means?

A

W/o loss of consciousness

Numbness, tingling, prickling, or pain

21
Q

Partial seizure

Complex means?

A

Impaired consciousness
Confused
Unable to respond

22
Q

Generalized seizure

Involves?

A

Entire brain

23
Q

Generalized seizure

AKA

A

Non-focal seizures

24
Q

Generalized seizure

Clinical manifestation?

A

Loss of consciousness

25
Q

Tonic-clonic ?

A

Formerly known as grand mal

26
Q

Myoclonic?

A

Sudden, brief contractions of a muscle or group of muscles

27
Q

Absence

A

Formally called petit mal and characterized by brief LOC

28
Q

Complications of seizures?

A

Status epipepticus (continuous seizure w.o returning consciousness between seizures)

Trauma: protect client

29
Q

Treatment

What assessment?

A

Neurological including lab and x-ray

30
Q

Treatment

What drug?

A

Anticonvulsants

31
Q

Treatment -Anticonvulsants

Rapid acting?

A

Lorazepam

Diazepam

32
Q

Treatment -Anticonvulsants

Long acting?

A

Phenytoin

33
Q

Treatment -Anticonvulsants

Have ___ SE
What could cause a seizure?

A

Toxic SE—monitor drug levels for toxicity through lab values

Abrupt withdrawal can cause a seizure

34
Q

Don’t forget basics of ____ and ____ during a seizure

A

Airway and safety

35
Q

T/F: Do not put anything in the mouth of a seizing client

A

T

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