Renal failure Flashcards
CKD definition?
kidney fxn or damage >= 3 months.
ARF definition?
acute loss of renal function occurs during days or weeks.
criteria - 50% increase in Cr, 50% in GFR.
ARF definition?
acute loss of renal function occurs during days or weeeks.
criteria - 50% increase in Cr, 50% in GFR.
what is oliguria?
what is anuria?
Define end stage renal disease?
pts receiving dialysis or transplantation. GFR
Stage 1 CKD criteria? management step?
nrmal - elevated GFR > 89 mL/min
diagnose combormidities, reduce CVD risk factors
Stage 2 CKD mild criteria? management?
GFR 60-89
reduce comorib and CVD risk, estimate progression
Stage 3 CKD moderate Criteria and management?
GFR 30-59
evaluate and treat complications
Stage 4 CKD severe criteria and management?
15-29 GFR
+ prepare for kidney replacement
Stage 5 CKD criteria, ESRD?
Signs of CKD?
proteinuria, BUN: CR ratio. GFR changes.
Causes of ESRD?
glomuleronephritis, interstitial nephritis, cystic kidney disease. collagen vascular disease.
What is uremic syndrome?
constellation of symptoms that occur in severe renal failure?
Defintition and cause of prerenal ARF?
intravascular volume depletion. such as fever, vomiting, diarrhea r/t illness. hypoperfusion results.
decrease arterial blood volume, can lead to prerenal azotemia.
definition and cause of intrarenal causes of ARF?
tubular, glomuler, interstitial, and vascular injury. can lead to tubular necrosis.
defintition and cause of postrenal ARF?
physical obstruction of urine outldow.
could be neoplasm, prostatic enlargement, stridture, etc.
Lab findings of acute glomerulopheritis?
BUN:Cr > 20:1
UA - renal casts, RBCs
Etiology of acute glomuleronehprtis?
poststreptococcal infction, autoimmune infection
labs of interstitial nephritis?
BUN: Cr
etiology of intersitial nephritis?
allergic reaction, drug reaction
labs of acute tubular necrosis?
BUN: CR
ARF definition?
acute loss of renal function occurs during days or weeeks.
criteria - 50% increase in Cr, 50% in GFR.
what is oliguria?
diagnostics of CKD? or ARF?
BUN, Cr, UA.
can do CT scan or US. or renal biopsy. but not needed.
CT or US looks at extent of damage.
US for postrenal.
biopst looks at glomuerlonephritis.
Define end stage renal disease?
pts receiving dialysis or transplantation. GFR
Stage 1 CKD criteria? management step?
nrmal - elevated GFR > 89 mL/min
diagnose combormidities, reduce CVD risk factors
Stage 2 CKD mild criteria? management?
GFR 60-89
reduce comorib and CVD risk, estimate progression
Stage 3 CKD moderate Criteria and management?
GFR 30-59
evaluate and treat complications
Stage 4 CKD severe criteria and management?
15-29 GFR
+ prepare for kidney replacement
Stage 5 CKD criteria, ESRD?
Signs of CKD?
proteinuria, BUN: CR ratio. GFR changes.
Causes of ESRD?
glomuleronephritis, interstitial nephritis, cystic kidney disease. collagen vascular disease.
What is uremic syndrome?
constellation of symptoms that occur in severe renal failure?
Defintition and cause of prerenal ARF?
intravascular volume depletion. such as fever, vomiting, diarrhea r/t illness. hypoperfusion results.
decrease arterial blood volume, can lead to prerenal azotemia.
definition and cause of intrarenal causes of ARF?
tubular, glomuler, interstitial, and vascular injury. can lead to tubular necrosis.
defintition and cause of postrenal ARF?
physical obstruction of urine outldow.
could be neoplasm, prostatic enlargement, stridture, etc.
Lab findings of acute glomerulopheritis?
BUN:Cr > 20:1
UA - renal casts, RBCs
Etiology of acute glomuleronehprtis?
poststreptococcal infction, autoimmune infection
labs of interstitial nephritis?
BUN: Cr
etiology of intersitial nephritis?
allergic reaction, drug reaction
labs of acute tubular necrosis?
BUN: CR
etiology of tubular necrosis?
hypotension, nephrotxins
What are complications of CRF?
athersclerosis, CHF ,hypertension, pulmonary edema, pericarditis.
hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophies, hyperlipidemia, N/v, depression , insonia, anemia, leukopenia, erytheop deficiency. (particular with ESRD)
when is hemodialysis recommended in ARF or CKD?
hgb
diagnostics of CKD? or ARF?
BUN, Cr, UA.
can do CT scan or US. or renal biopsy. but not needed.
CT or US looks at extent of damage.
biopst looks at glomuerlonephritis.
TX of CKD or ARF?
Ace or ARB for CVD risk reduction. Careful because could worsen renal artery stenosis. Do not use in these patients. watch for hyperkalemia. monitor potassium. if starte check labs 1 week after intiation.
control lipids!
limit intake of K. salt, and reduce phosphorous.
require supplemental calcium.
