Renal Embryo Flashcards
Order of development of the kidneys?
Urogenital Ridge Nephrogenic Cord Pronephros Mesonephros Metanephros
What germ layer is the urogenital ridge from?
intermediate mesoderm
What weeks are the mesonephros remodeled?
Week 11-12
What becomes the mesonephric ducts?
Pronephric ducts
What are the other names for the ureteric bud?
Metanephric blastema, diverticulum
What gives rise to the glomerulus?
Dorsal aorta
What germ layer gives rise to the bowman’s capsule and mesonephric tubules?
Intermediate mesoderm
What forms as a result of reciprocal signaling from mesonephric duct?
Mesonephric vesicles
What gives rise to the metanephric blastema?
Nephrogenic cord
What gives rise to the ureteric bud?
Mesonephric duct
What does the ureteric bud give rise to?
(big structures associated with kidney!)
- Ureter
- Pelvis
- Major and Minor Calyces
- Collecting Tubules
What does the metanephric blastema give rise to?
(everything associated with the nephron)
- Bowman’s Capsule
- Renal vesicles
- PCT/DCT
- LoH
What are the steps of the formation of the calyces?
Ureteric bug –> Branching —> Coalesce –> Major calyx
Repeat for minor calyx
Presentation of Unilateral Agenesis?
Only 1 kidney (males > females)
- due to underdevelopment of ureteric bud
- Asymptomatic
Bilateral Agenesis
No kidneys
- Due to underdevelopment of ureteric bud
- Oligohydraminos
- Potter’s sequence!
Duplex Kidney
- 2 ureters in 1 kidney
- due to abnormal division of ureteric bud
Pelvic Kidney
- Kidney is lower than usual because it’s stuck in a lattice of blood vessels
Horseshoe Kidney
Kidneys are attached to each other, can’t move up due to this connection
Accessory Renal Vessels
Presence of end arteries (vessel is the sole supply of a certain area)
This vessel can compress the ureters
Polycystic Kidney Disease
Autosomal recessive
- mutation in PKHD1 gene
- 25% associated with pulmonary hypoplasia
- Oligohydraminos
Multicystic Kidney Disease
Widened dilation of LoH = cystic presentation
Asymptomatic if only 1 kidney affected
What two structures make up the bladder?
Cloacal membrane + allantois
What germ layers is the cloacal membrane from?
Endoderm and ectoderm
What two membranes surround the cloaca?
anal membrane + urogenital membrane
*Responsible for separating the lower body compartments
What does the Allantois become?
Allantois –> Urachus –> Median Umbilical Ligament
What tissue is the bladder derived from?
Hindgut endoderm
What is the trigone derived from?
Remanent of mesonephric duct becoming a part of the posterior bladder wall
What are the 3 parts of the urogenital sinus?
Phallic, Pelvic, Vesicular
Vesicular Urogenital Sinus
Bladder
Phallic Urogenital Sinus
Vaginal vestibule + spongy urethra
Pelvic Urogenital Sinus
Urethra, Prostate and membranous urethra
What gives rise to the capsule of suprarenal glands?
Mesoneprhic mesoderm
Medulla of suprarenal gland?
Neural cells
*Make Chromaffin cells
Cortex of suprarenal gland?
RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING PREGNANCY! (makes DHEA, a precursor of estrogen)
- Coelomic epithelium
