Renal Drugs

Question 1

Acts on the DCT and collecting ducts
promotes water reabsorption
prevent water loss
regulates fluid balance

Answer 1

ADH

vasopressin

Question 2

Increases reabsorption of Na in the DCT and collecting ducts back into blood
causing osmotic imbalance, which causes both to flow back into blood

Answer 2

Aldosterone

Question 3

Inhibits tubular reabsorption of NA at the loop of henle
most rapid with tremendous diuresis
what side effect does it have?

Answer 3

Loop Diuretics
(furosemide-lasix)
hypokalemia

Question 4

treats oliguric acute renal failure and reduce intracranial and intraocular pressure

Answer 4

osmotic diuretics

glycerine/glucose, mannitol

Question 5

weaker diuretic and antihypertensive effect, but they do conserve potassium
this is the antagonist for aldosterone

Answer 5

Potassium sparring diuretic

spironolactone

Question 6

side effect: metabolic acidosis - tachypnea, twitching, mouth ulcers, weight loss, muscle loss

Answer 6

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

acetazolamide

Question 7

reduce internal sphincter tone when urethral sphincter is in hypertonus
treats urinary retention bc of detrusor areflexia, or f(x) urethral obstruction
side effects?

Answer 7

alpha adrenergic antagonist
(prazosin, phenoxybenzamine)
SE: syncope

Question 8

block angiotensin I to II 
tx heart failure, hypertension, CRF
decrease peripheral arterial resistance 
alleviates vasoconstriction
all drop BP

Answer 8

ace inhibitors

enalapril

Question 9

decrease the production of uric acid produced by xanthine oxidase inhibitors (mostly in dalmatians & patients without gout)
- uric acid redure

Answer 9

xanthine oxidase inhibitors

allopurinol

Question 10

reduces azotemia of renal failure thru enteric dialysis

Answer 10

Azodyl

Question 11

reduce edema by inhibiting reabsorption of Na, chloride, H20. used for tx of diabetes insipidus and hypertension (these drugs cross the placental border)

Answer 11

thiazide diuretic

chlorothiazide