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Pharmacology > Quiz IV > Flashcards

Quiz IV Flashcards

1
Q

(4) Functions of the Resp. System

A

oxygen carbon dioxide change
regulation of acid-base balance
Body temp. regulation
Voice production

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2
Q

Which of the following is not an example of methylxanthine?

A

aminophylline, theophylline, caffeine, theobromine are all examples off it

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3
Q

All of the following are f(x) of the resp tract except:

A

production of sodium bicarbonate to aid in regulation of acid base balance

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4
Q

_______ drugs that liquiefy and dilute viscid secretions of the resp tract, thereby helping to evacuate those secretions

A

Expectorants

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5
Q

______ are drugs that inhibit or suppress coughing

A

antitussives

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6
Q

_______ ______ is used for the relief of chronic nonproductive coughs in dogs and for analgesia and pre-anesthesia in dogs and cats

A

burtorphanol tartrate

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7
Q

Drug products with codeine alone are in what class schedule before controlled substances?

A

class II

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8
Q

Temaril-P is a combo product that contains a centrally acting antitussive (trimeprazine tartrate) and _______.

A

prednisolone

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9
Q

Aminophylline and theophylline are _______ derivatives.

A

methylxanthine

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10
Q

_______ drugs that reduce the congestion of nasal membranes by reducing associated swelling.

A

decongestants

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11
Q

_______ are substances that are used to block the effects of histamine.

A

antihistamines

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12
Q

Solu-Delta-Cortef is a brand name for ________.

A

prednisolone sodium succinate

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13
Q

Used in cases of bacterial infection in the resp. tract and may be administered parentally or by nebulization

A

Antimicrobials

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14
Q

Used to treat resp. dz in which pulmonary edema is a major problem

A

Diuretics

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15
Q

Respiratory stimulant: used for stimulation of the respiration during and after anesthesia and to speed awakening and restoration of reflexes from anesthesia.

A

Dopram

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16
Q

One of the most overused drugs that tx symptoms, not the cause

A

Corticosteroids

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17
Q

Used primarily in the tx of allergic resp. conditions. Used in tx of equine heaves, feline asthma, acute rep. distress & allergic pneumonia.

A

Corticosteroids

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18
Q

Have strong anti-inflammatory effects locally in the lungs and are rapidly biodegraded when absorbed into general circulation

A

Corticosteroids

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19
Q

List some corticosteroids

A

Prednisolone
Dexamethasone
Triamcinolone (Vetalog)

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20
Q

Substances that are used to block the effect of histamine, are used for the tx of allergic resp conditions (also used for their antiemetic effect)

A

Antihistamines

21
Q

Released from mast cells by the allergic response and combines with H1 receptors on bronchiole smooth muscle to cause bronchoconstriction

A

Histamine

22
Q

List some antihistamines

A

Diphenhydramine (human approved )
Hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Cetirizine (xyrtec)

23
Q

_______ results in decreased production of ______ by the goblet cells and relaxation of smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchioles leading to bronchodilatation

A

Sympathetic stimulation, mucus

24
Q

The terms that describes the parasympathetic stimulation that causes increased secretion of mucus and constriction of smooth muscle

A

Bronchoconstriction

25
Q

What term is describes: reduces surface tension of the alveoli and helps to keep them from collapsing.

A

surfactant

26
Q

What are the Principles of Resp. therapeutic

A

control of secretions (decrease production increase elimination, made less sticky by the use of nebulization of mucolytics)
control of reflexes (suppressed coughing by the use of antitussives or bronchodilators if the cough is nonproductive)
maintaining airflow to the alveoli

27
Q

The conversion of a liquid into a fine mist or colloidal suspension in air

A

aerosolization (neblulization)

28
Q

Found in a few vet-label products and in many human-label product OTC cough preparations. Relief symptoms related to Upper resp. tract conditions

A

Guaifenesin

29
Q

Example of a Guaifenesin

A

Robitussin

30
Q

What is the antidote for Acetaminophen

A

Mucolytics: Acetylcysteine

31
Q

Drugs that inhibit or suppress coughing. Classified as centrally or peripherally acting.

A

Antitussives

32
Q

Centrally acting agents suppress coughing by _______.

A

depressing the cough center in the brain

33
Q

Peripheral acting agents _______.

A

depress cough receptors in the airways

34
Q

Why are peripheral acting antitussives seldom used in vet med

A

prepared as cough drops or lozenges

35
Q

Used to relief of chronic nonproductive coughs in dogs and for analgesia and preanesthesics in dogs/cat (schedule IV)

A

Butorphanol tartrate

36
Q

Used as an antitussive for harsh, nonproductive coughs in dogs (schedule III)

A

Hydrocodone: Hycodan & Tussigon

37
Q

Schedule V opiate agonist that is used as an antitussive in human-label combination product

A

Codeine

38
Q

A non-narcotic antitussive thats is chemically similar to codeine

A

Dextromethorphan (robitussin DM)

39
Q

A combination product that contains a centrally acting antitussive and corticosteroid

A

Temaril-P

40
Q

contraction of smooth muscle fibers may occur from the 3 following basic mechanisms:

A
  1. Release of acetylcholine at parasympathetic nerve end or inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
  2. Release of histamine through allergic of inflammatory mechanism
  3. Blockade of beta2-adrenergic receptors by drugs
41
Q

What are the 4 bronchodilators

A

cholinergic blockers, antihistamines, beta2-adregenic agonist, Methylxanthines

42
Q

Beta2-adregenic agonist dosage forms

A

epinephrine, albuterol

43
Q

Both: aminophylline and theophylline inhibit an enzyme called _______.

A

Phosphodiesterase

44
Q

When Beta2 receptors are stimulated a chemical messenger called ___________ is released in smooth muscle to complete the cell relaxation response to allow dilation

A

cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP)

45
Q

Dosage forms of Methylxanthines

A

Slo-bid
Theophylline (time release)
Aminophylline (generic)

46
Q

Anti-anxiety meds: Treatment for fears & phobias, separation anxiety, aggression, urine marking & appetite stimulants

A

Benzodiazepines: valium, xanax

47
Q

Anti-anxiety meds: control urine spraying, control of fearfulness & anxiety

A

Azapirones (Buspar)

48
Q

Anti-anxiety meds: Tx of separation anxiety, obsessive disorders, fearful aggression, hyperactivity, hyper-vocalization & urine marking

A

Tricyclics: clomicalm

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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