Renal Disorders

Question 1

common causative agent for UTI

Answer 1

E. Coli

Question 2

Cystitis

Answer 2

Uncomplicated UTI, inflammation of urethra and bladder

Question 3

S/Sx of UTI

Answer 3

Dysuria 
Frequency
Urgency 
Flank Pain 
Cloudy and unusual smell of urine 
Feeling of incomplete urination

Question 4

Urinalysis of Pyelonephritits

Answer 4

Bacteria, Pyuria, Hematuria, casts

Question 5

Pyelonephritis

Answer 5

Complicated UTI, infection begins in ureter to the renal pelvis

Question 6

S/Sx of Pyelonephritis

Answer 6

sx of cystitis
Flank Pain
Strong systemic signs

Question 7

Glomerulonephritis

Answer 7

Type III Hypersensitivity commonly caused by strep or staph exposure. Immune complex gets lodged in the the glomerular wall and the complement system is activated and inflammatory response is initiated.

Question 8

S/Sx Glomerulonephritis

Answer 8

Dark/Cloudy Urine
Facial Edema
Increased BP
Flank Pain

Question 9

Nephrotic Syndrome

Answer 9

Secondary Infection to diseases that cause inflammation. Increased albumin secreted causing a fluid shift, resulting in edema.

Question 10

S/sx of Nephrotic Syndrome

Answer 10

Anasarca
Proteinurea
Lipidurea

Question 11

Renal Calculi

Answer 11

Can develop anywhere in the urinary tract. Forms with excessive amount of insoluble salt; commonly calcium. or uric acid. Calcium stones form in highly alkaline urine and uric stones in its with gout and high purine diets.

Question 12

S/Sx of Renal Calculi

Answer 12

Sometimes a symptomatic, but flank pain can be present . Renal Colic: intense spasms of pain until the stone passes. Creates intense and vigorous contractions; nausea and vomiting my be present

Question 13

Hydronephrosis

Answer 13

Secondary infection to anything that causes blockage of the urine (stones, tumor, scar tissue). Interferes with the natural flow of urine. The build up can cause necrosis due to the pressure and compression of blood vessels.

Question 14

Renal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 14

tends to be asymptomatic in the early stages, usually not found until metastasized. Manifestations include: dull flank pain, palpable mass, anemia

Question 15

Bladder Cancer

Answer 15

Early signs include hematuria, dysuria and frequency.

This is staged

Question 16

Nephrosclerosis

Answer 16

hardening of arterioles in the kidney, reduced blood supply leads to ischemia and atrophy, so renin secretion is increased to compromise.

Question 17

Adult Polycystic Kidney

Answer 17

Autosomal Dominent, manifest around 40yrs of age, multiple cysts develop in both kidneys. Causing compression and destroying the kidney tissue until chronic renal failure.

Question 18

Nephroblastoma

Answer 18

defects with tumor suppressor genes, unilateral, abdominal mass

Question 19

Acute Renal Failure

Answer 19

Effects both kidneys, develops rapidly, decreases GFR