Renal Disorders Flashcards
renal functions
excretion of waste products
maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
acid base balance
secretion of hormones
excretion of drugs
types of renal failure
acute
chronic
what is acute renal failure
after surgery or severe injury or when renal blood vessels become obstructed
does chronic renal failure develop slowly or quickly
slowly
what is chronic kidney disease
kidney damage or a reduction in GFR for 3 or more months
symptoms of early chronic kidney disease
no symptoms
most common causes of chronic kidney disease
diabetes
hypertension
glomerulonephritis
what can be used to assess kidney damage
urine test
what can be used to assess kidney function
blood test
when do symptoms present in chronic kidney disease
when kidney function less than 25% of normal
dental tx post transplant
defer elective dental care for 6 months
Ab cover within first 6 months
consult with renal physician
delayed wound healing, infection risk
what is haemodialysis
performed in health centres and hospitals
requires arterio-venous access
removes excess fluid and uraemic solutes
patient is heparinised
how many times does a patient get harm-dialysis
3 times a week
how many stages of chronic kidney disease are there
normal
then 1-5
dental management of CKD
bleeding tendency
increased risk of infections
poorly controlled infections may spread ad cause septicaemia
best time for dental tx for pt having harm-dialysis
day after haemodialysis
what needs done before a renal transplant
full dental assessment
how long do renal transplants last
90% success at 1 yr
70% survival at 5 years
overall mortality less than 5%
clinical presentation of renal failure
depression
lethargy
nausea
vomiting
anorexia
weakness
fatigue
dietary guidelines for CKD
limit salt and sodium to control blood pressure
limit phosphorous as pulls calcium from bones
limit potassium
eat right amount of proteins
fluid restriction
what is peritoneal dialysis
catheter placed in the peritoneal cavity
dialysis fluid is exchanged at regular intervals
performed at home
oral findings of chronic kidney disease
ossesous lesions
dry mouth
reduced salivary flow
accelerated calculus production
pale oral mucosa
oedema, oral ulceration
paraesthesia
