Physical disability Flashcards
definition of a person with a disability
they have a physical or mental impairment
the impairment has a substantial and long term effect on their ability to perform normal day to day activities
most common impairments
mobility 49%
stamina/breathing/fatigue 37%
dexterity 26%
incidence of disability
11.9 million disabled people in the UK
what is a physical disability
condition that permanently prevents normal body movement/control
causes of physical disabilities
inherited or genetic disorders
conditions present at birth
serious illness affecting brain
what is osteogenesis imperfecta
inherited condition
blue/grey/yellow teeth
bulbous cronws
obliteration of pulp chambers
increased bone fractures
blue sclera
dentinogenesis imperfecta dental features
discoloured teeth - blue, grey, yellow or brown
translucent
teeth weaker
bulbous crowns
obliteration of pulp chambers
reduced root length
what is Huntington’s disease
neurodegenerative genetic disorder
huntingtons disease symptoms
earliest symptoms subtle problems with mood or cognition
general ack of coordination and unsteady git
conditions present at birth
spina bifida
cerebral palsy
spina bifida symptoms
weakness or total paralysis of legs
bowel and urinary incontinence
loss of skin sensation
repeated fits/ seizures
drooling problems and dysphagia
what is cerebral palsy
general term for a number of neurological conditions that affect movement and co-ordination
cerebral palsy symptoms
muscle stiffness or flopiness
muscle weakness
random or uncontrolled body movements
serious illness affecting brain, nerves or muscles
motor neurone disease
parkinsons disease
multiple sclerosis
what is motor neurone disease
lethal degenerative disease affecting neurones
symptoms of motor neurone disease
muscular atrophy, weakness and spasticity
dysphagia and drooling occur
motor neurone disease death within how many years
death within 5 years due to respiratory paralysis
what is Parkinsons disease
progressive neurological disease
dopamine deficiency
tremor in arms and hands
rigidity on moments
slow movement and restlessness
associated with levy body dementia
what is multiple sclerosis
chronic relapsing CNS disease affecting the portico spinal tract
what does multiple sclerosis cause
optic neuritis can lead to blindness and visual disturbance
weakness or paralysis of limbs
nystagmus
types of spinal cord injuries
tetraplegic
paraplegic
what is tetraplegic
damage to spinal cord in the neck - affects all four limbs and torso
what is paraplegic
damage to mid/lower part of back
affects legs and lower body
2 types of trauma (brain injury)
external events- closed head trauma or missile penetrating the brain
internal events - stroke, haemorrhage, tumour
stroke clinical features
face drooped on one side
weakness/ numbness in one arm
stroke and dental health
difficulty wearing dentures, brushing teeth and access dental surgery
modification for toothbrush
putty or tennis ball
equality act adjustments
designated parking spaces
lamps and lifts
doorways wider
hand rails
what does domiciliary care involve
providing dental tx out with dental clinics for patients whose personal circumstances make it unfeasible to attend a dental clinic
