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AUBF Lec > Renal Disease Part 1 > Flashcards

Renal Disease Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Classifications of Renal Diseases (3)

A
  1. Glomerular disorders
    majority are of immune origin (immune complexes, IgG, IgA)
  2. Tubular disorders
  3. Interstitial disorders
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2
Q

AKA “Kimmelstiel Wilson Disease”

A

Diabetic Nephropathy

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3
Q

Deposition of glycosylated proteins on the glomerular basement membranes caused by poorly controlled blood glucose levels

A

Diabetic Nephropathy

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4
Q

Diabetic Nephropathy findings:

A

(+)micral test (microalbuminuria)

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5
Q

Most common caused of end-stage renal disease

A

Diabetic Nephropathy

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6
Q

Decrease GFR (<25mL/min)
Azospermia (Increase BUN and Creatinine) Electrolyte imbalance
(-) renal concentrating ability􏰀Isosthenuria Proteinuria and Renal glycosuria
Increase telescoped sediments

A

Renal Failure

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7
Q

Increase cells and casts, lipid droplets, oval fat bodies

A

Telescoped Sediment

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8
Q

Renal Calculi/Renal Lithiasis Primary urinalysis finding:

A

Microscopic Hematuria

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9
Q

Conditions Favoring the Formation of Renal Calculi: (3)

A

• Chemical concentration
•pH
• Urinary stasis (decrease urine flow)

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10
Q

Renal calculi (5)

A

A. Calcium oxalate calculi
B. Uric Acid and Urate Calculi
C. Cystine Calculi
D. Phosphate calculi
E. Magnesium ammonium phosphate/ triple phosphate/ struvite calculi

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11
Q

-Major constituent of renal calculi -most common (80%)
Characteristics:
Very hard, dark in color with rough surface

A

Calcium oxalate calculi

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12
Q

-associated with increased intake of foods with high purine content
(chicken, bacon, liver, asparagus)
Characteristics:
Yellowish to brownish red and moderately hard

A

Uric Acid and Urate Calculi

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13
Q

seen in hereditary disorders of cystine metabolism Least common calculi (1-2%)
Characteristics:
Yellow-brown, greasy and resembles an old soap

A

Cystine Calculi

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14
Q

Pale and friable

A

Phosphate calculi

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15
Q

Types of kidney stone (6)

A

Phosphate stones
Oxalate stones
Urate stones
Xanthine stone
Cystine stones
Struvite stones

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16
Q

Accompanied by urinary infections involving urea-splitting bacteria (Proteus vulgaris)
Characteristics:
Branching/Staghorn calculi resembling antlers of a deer

A

Magnesium ammonium phosphate/ triple phosphate/ struvite calculi

17
Q

Rare calculi (5)

A

A. Sulfonamide Calculi
B. Silica calculi
C. Triamterene calculi
D. Adenine calculi
E. Xanthine calculi

18
Q

ingestion of silica over a long period of time

A

Silica calculi

19
Q

insoluble diuretics; mustard-colored stones

A

Triamterene calculi

20
Q

associated with inherited enzyme deficiency &
hyperuricemia

A

Adenine calculi

21
Q

associated with a genetic disorder with an absence of xanthine oxidase

A

Xanthine calculi

AUBF Lec (8 decks)

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