Renal blood supply and Nephron

Question 1

What is the rate of renal blood flow into the kidney per minute

Answer 1

600 mL/min per kidney or 1200 mL for both kidney

Question 2

Describe the renal blood supply from the aorta to the vena cava

Answer 2

Really Short Indians Are Idiots

Aorta-> Renal artery->Segmental artery->Interlobar artery->Arcuate artery->Interlobular artery

• > Afferent artery->Glomerulus->Efferent artery-> Peritubular capillaries-> Vasa Recta (ONLY juxtamedullary nephron)
• > Interlobular vein-> Arcuate vein->Interlobar vein->Segmental artery->Renal vein-> Vena cava

Question 3

What is the functional unit of the kidney

Answer 3

the nephron

Question 4

What are the 2 parts of the nephron and what are their general functions

Answer 4

1. The renal corpuscle= filters the blood

2. The renal tubule= filters the filtrate

Question 5

What are the 2 parts of the renal corpuscle

Answer 5

glomerulus and the glomerular capsule

Question 6

What are the 3 parts of the renal tubule

Answer 6

1. The proximal convoluted tubule
2. The loop of henle
3. The distal convoluted tubule

Question 7

What structures of the nephron are located in the renal cortex

Answer 7

The renal corpuscle and both convoluted tubules

Question 8

What structures of the nephron are located in the renal medulla

Answer 8

The loop of henle

Question 9

Where are collecting ducts located in the kidney

Answer 9

mostly the medulla

Question 10

True or False the conducting ducts are part of the nephron

Answer 10

False

Question 11

What are the 2 types of nephrons and there general characteristics

Answer 11

1. Cortical nephrons=85% of nephrons, have short Loops of Henle that just barely reach into medulla, only have peritubular capillaries
2. Juxtamedullary nephrons = 15% of nephrons, long Loops of Henle that reach deep into medulla, have peritubular capillaries that give rise to Vasa Recta

Question 12

Describe peritubular capillaries

Answer 12

capillaries arise from the efferent arteriole that intermingle throughout the proximal and distal convoluted tubules then terminate in the interlobular veins

Question 13

Describe the vasa recta

Answer 13

Only found on juxtamedullary nephrons, they arise from the peritubular capillaries and flows side by side the Loop of Henle

this design is important for keeping a constant osmotic pressure

Question 14

Of the afferent and efferent arterioles what one has the greater capability to constrict or dilate

Answer 14

The afferent arteriole

Question 15

Of the afferent and efferent arterioles what one is larger and has thicker walls

Answer 15

The afferent arteriole

Question 16

Describe podocytes

Answer 16

modified simple squamous epithelial cells that have fingerlike projections (pedicels) that wrap around the glomerular capillaries and help filter blood

Question 17

What does the smaller lumen size of the efferent arteriole aid in

Answer 17

This helps create back pressure needed for filtration on the glomerulus