Renal and genitourinary tracts

Question 1

(5alpha-reductase inhibitors)

Answer 1

Reduces size of prostate gland by inhibiting 5alpha-reductase involved in converting testosterone to active metabolite dihydrotestosterone. Takes months to work, alpha blockers take effect more quickly.
✖Pregnancy women

Question 2

Finasteride

Answer 2

(5alpha-reductase inhibitors)

Benign prostatic enlargement

Question 3

(Antimuscarinics, genitourinary use)

Answer 3

Antimuscarininc drugs bind to muscarinic receptors and act as competitive inhibitor of acetylcholine. Blocking muscarinic receptors relax bladder leading to reduced urinary frequency/urgency/urge incontinence
✖Urinary tract infection

Question 4

Oxybutynin

Answer 4

(Antimuscarinics, genitourinary use)

Treatment of overactive bladder

Question 5

Tolterodine

Answer 5

(Antimuscarinics, genitourinary use)

Treatment of overactive bladder

Question 6

Solifenacin

Answer 6

(Antimuscarinics, genitourinary use)

Treatment of overactive bladder

Question 7

(Phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitors)

Answer 7

Selective for PDE type-5 (PDE-5) found in smooth muscle cells of corpus cavernosum of penis and arteries of lungs. Inhibition of PDE-5 reduces its breakdown of cGMP. cGMP needed in vasodilation of penile and pulmonary vasculature
✖Stroke
✖Acute coronary syndrome
✖Cardiovascular disease

Question 8

Sidenafil

Answer 8

(Phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitors)
Erectile dysfunction
Primary pulmonary hypertension