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Post Lec Exam > Renal and Endo > Flashcards

Renal and Endo Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following describes the kidneys, EXCEPT?

a. They extend from the lower portion of the rib cage at the level of the last thoracic (T12) vertebra to the third lumbar (L3) vertebra
b. The liver is superior to the right kidney, causing the right kidney to be slightly lower than the left
c. The kidneys are bean-shaped
d. NOTA

A

NOTA

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2
Q

The renal medulla is composed of many coneshaped structures called

A

Renal pyramid

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3
Q

Which of the following describe the juxtamedullary nephron?

a. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal cortex
b. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal medulla
c. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal capsule
d. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal fascia

A

Part of the nephron that lies in the renal medulla

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4
Q

Which of the following describe the cortical nephron?

a. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal cortex
b. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal medulla
c. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal capsule
d. Part of the nephron that lies in the renal fascia

A

part of the nephron that lies in the renal cortex

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5
Q

Once the blood is filtered, the resulting fluid is modified to form urine as it passes through each
section of the renal tubule. The first section is the
a. PCT
b. Thin descending LOH
c. Thin Ascending LOH
d. DCT

A

PCT

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6
Q

In the renal corpuscle, there is a network of capillaries twisted around each other like a ball of yarn called the

a. Bowmans Capsule
b. Glomerulus
c. PCT
d. DCT

A

Glomerulus

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7
Q

Which of the following describe the filtration membrane?
a. It is located within the renal tubule in the renal cortex
b. It is located within the renal corpuscle in the renal medulla
c. It is located within the renal corpuscle in the renal cortex
d. It is located within the renal tubule in the
renal medulla

A

It is located within the renal corpuscle in the renal cortex

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8
Q

The distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts remain relatively impermeable to water in the absence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is secreted from the posterior pituitary.

a. First Statement is true. Second statement is false
b. Second statement is false. Second statement is true
c. Both statements are true
d. Both statements are false

A

Both statements are true

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9
Q

Which of the following describe the ureters?
a. tubes through which urine flows from the urinary bladder to the kidneys
b. transports urine to the outside of the body
c. tubes through which urine flows from the
kidneys to the urinary bladder
d. NOTA

A

tubes through which urine flows from the

kidneys to the urinary bladder

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10
Q

Stretch of the urinary bladder stimulates a reflex that causes the urinary bladder to contract

a. Misturition Reflex
b. Micturition Reflex
c. Mictunction Reflex
d. NOTA

A

Micturition Reflex

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11
Q

____ is an enzyme secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells.

a. Pepsin
b. Renin
c. Pensin
d. Resin

A

Renin

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12
Q

if the ADH is not present or its concentration is low, the DCT and collecting ducts are less permeable to _____

a. Water
b. Proteins
c. Potassium
d. Platelets

A

Water

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13
Q

The Urinary System consists of the:
a. 2 kidneys, 2 Ureters, 2 Urinary bladder, 2
Urethra
b. 2 Kidneys, 2 Ureters, 1 Urinary Bladder, 1
Urethra
c. 1 Kidney, 1 Ureter, 2 Urinary bladder, 2
Urethra
d. 1 Kidney, 1 Ureter, 1 Urinary bladder, 1 Urethra

A

2 Kidneys, 2 Ureters, 1 Urinary Bladder, 1

Urethra

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14
Q

Which of the following describe the action of Angiotensin II?

a. Vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and an increase in blood volume.
b. Vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and a decrease in blood volume.
c. Vasodilator and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and a decrease in blood volume.
d. Vasodilator and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and an increase in blood volume.

A

Vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion, causing a decrease in urine production and an increase in blood volume.

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15
Q

Contraction of this smooth muscle forces urine out of the urinary bladder

a. Petrusor muscle
b. Dartos muscle
c. Detrusor muscle
d. NOTA

A

Detrusor muscle

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16
Q

Glomerular Filtration Rate :

a. 135 ml/min
b. 145ml/min
c. 125 l/min
d. NOTA

A

NOTA

125ml/min

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17
Q

Concentration of the luminal fluid

a. Proximal convoluted tubules
b. Collecting tubules
c. Distal Convoluted Tubules
d. Dispersing Tubules
e. Thick Ascending Loop of Henle

A

Proximal convoluted tubules

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18
Q

Which of the following describe the Overflow incontinence?
a. ability of the urinary bladder to empty completely
b. Inability of the urethra to empty completely
c. Inability of the urinary bladder to empty
completely
d. ability of the urethra to empty completely

A

Inability of the urinary bladder to empty

completely

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19
Q

The nervous supply to the urinary system detects this as the sensory stimulus to micturition:

a. Contraction of the detrusor muscle
b. Vibration of the bladder rugae
c. Increased pain in the lower abdominal area
d. Stretch in the bladder wall

A

Stretch in the bladder wall

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20
Q 
If ADH is absent, water is not reabsorbed and a 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ urine is produced. 	
a. 	Dilute 
b.	Concentrated 
c.	Neither 
d.	NOTA
A

Dilute

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21
Q

If the ADH is present, water moves in, and a _________ urine is produced.

a. Dilute
b. Concentrated
c. Neither
d. NOTA

A

Concentrated

22
Q

Vasopressin inhibits water loss through the ___

a. Lungs
b. Small intestine
c. Kidneys
d. stomach

A

Kidneys

23
Q

Involuntary contraction of urinary bladder . May be idiopathic, alcohol, bladder infection and bladder tumor

a. Stress incontinence
b. Urge Incontinence
c. Overflow Incontinence
d. NOTA

A

Urge Incontinence

24
Q

converts the angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1

a. ACE
b. RENIN
c. Enterokinase
d. HCL

A

RENIN

25
Q 
The most dilute luminal fluid in the presence of 
ADH is found in the 
a.	Proximal Convoluted Tubule 
b.	Descending Loop of Henle 	
c.	Ascending Loop of Henle 
d.	Distal Convoluted Tubule
A

Ascending Loop of Henle

26
Q

All of the following describes the pituitary gland, and the anterior pituitary gland, or
adenohypophysis
EXCEPT

a. connected to the base of the brain
b. pituitary gland is divided into two lobes: the posterior pituitary gland, or neurohypophysis
c. the hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary are neurohormones, not traditional hormones
d. NOTA

A

he hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary are neurohormones, not traditional hormones

27
Q

increased growth in tissues

a. Growth Hormone
b. Somantotopin
c. A and b
d. NOTA

A

Growth Hormone

28
Q

Increased melanin production in melanocytes to make the skin darker in color

a. FSH
b. TSH
c. ACTH
d. MSH

A

MSH

29
Q

Milk production in lactating women

a. Pronlantin
b. Prolactin
c. Polantin
d. NOTA

A

Prolactin

30
Q

sperm cell production in testes

a. LH
b. TSH
c. FSH
d. MSH

A

FSH

31
Q

All of the following describes the OXYTOCIN,
Except
a. Increased uterine contractions
b. increased milk expulsion from mammary glands
c. Target tissue of this hormone: Uterus, mammary gland
d. NOTA

A

NOTA

32
Q

Decreased rate of breakdown of bone by osteoclasts; prevention of a large increase in blood Ca2+ levels

a. Parathyroid hormone
b. Thyroid Hormone
c. Calcitonin
d. NOTA

A

Calcitonin

33
Q

Increased rate of breakdown of bone by osteoclasts; increased blood Ca2+ levels

a. Parathyroid hormone
b. Thyroid Hormone
c. Calcitonin
d. NOTA

A

Parathyroid Hormone

34
Q

Increased breakdown of glycogen; release of glucose into the blood

a. Insulin
b. Somatostatin
c. Glucagon
d. AOTA

A

Glucagon

35
Q

Increased uptake and use of glucose

a. Insulin
b. Somatostatin
c. Glucagon
d. AOTA

A

Insulin

36
Q

Increases the flexibility of connective tissue in the pelvic area, especially the symphysis pubis

a. Estrogen
b. Relaxin
c. Progesterone
d. AOTA

A

Relaxin

37
Q 
help regulate sleep-wake cycle 
a.	Melatonin 
b.     Melanin 
c.	Mentonin 
d      and b
A

Melatonin

38
Q

Major gonadotropins

a. FSH and TSH
b. FSH and LH
c. LH and ACTH
d. LH and Insulin

A

FHS & LH

39
Q

All of the following describes the Pancreas,
Except
a. both an exocrine and an endocrine gland.
b. The exocrine portion of the pancreas
consists of a complex duct system, which ends in small sacs that produce pancreatic digestive juices.
c. The endocrine portion consists of the pancreatic islets. Each islet is composed of alpha cells, which secrete glucagon; beta cells, which secrete insulin; and delta cells, which secrete somatostatin.
d. NOTA

A

NOTA

40
Q

The zona reticularis of the adrenal gland secretes

a. Aldosterone
b. Cortisol
c. Androgen
d. AOTA

A

Androgen

G - Aldos
F - Corti
R - Androgen

41
Q

The zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland secretes

a. Aldosterone
b. Cortisol
c. Androgen
d. AOTA

A

Cortisol

42
Q

The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland secretes

a. Aldosterone
b. Cortisol
c. Androgen
d. AOTA

A

Aldosterone

43
Q

stimulates cortisol secretion.

a. TSH
b. ACTH
c. MSH
d. LH

A

ACTH

44
Q

involved in the development of the immune system

a. thyroxine
b. thymosin
c. calcitonin
d. insulin

A

thymosin

45
Q

The pineal gland produces

a. Thymosin
b. Melatonin
c. Melanin
d. NOTA

A

melatonin

46
Q

Insulin secretion increases because of

a. Elevated blood glucose level
b. Decreased blood glucose level
c. Normal blood glucose level
d. AOTA

A

Elevated blood glucose level

47
Q

Glucagon secretion is stimulated by

a. Elevated blood glucose level
b. Decreased blood glucose level
c. Normal blood glucose level
d. AOTA

A

Decreased blood glucose level

48
Q

Insulin _______ blood glucose level

a. decreases
b. increases
c. neutralizes
d. NOTA

A

decreases

49
Q

Glucagon _______ blood glucose level

a. decreases
b. increases
c. neutralizes
d. NOTA

A

increases

50
Q

Other name for :MSH

a. Melanotropin
b. Melantrotropin
c. Melanintropin
d. Melantopin

A

Melanotropin

Post Lec Exam (14 decks)

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