Renal Anatomy

Question 1

Explain the anatomical position of the Kidneys

Answer 1

Located in posterior abdominal wall surrounded by perinephric fat.
Right is positioned slightly lower than left kidney

Question 2

What is perinephric fat

Answer 2

Fat surrounding the kidneys that is for protection. Can only protect the kidney’s so far.

Question 3

Why is the right kidney lower than the left

Answer 3

Because the liver is on the right

Question 4

What is the quadratus lumborum

Answer 4

The right kidney sits on the surface of that muscle

Question 5

Explain he anatomical position of the ureters

Answer 5

Ureters lie on the surface of the PSOAS major , ascending down to bladder

Question 6

Where is the hilum located

Answer 6

Medially

Question 7

What is in the renal hilum

Answer 7

1- renal artery
2- renal vein
3- renal pelvis

Question 8

What is the renal pelvis

Answer 8

Made of renal calyces that take urine produced from the renal pyramids to the ureters

Question 9

Describe the arterial supply of the kidneys

Answer 9

Receive blood from the right and left renal arteries, direct branches from the abdominal aorta

Question 10

Describe the arterial supply of the suprarenal gland

Answer 10

1- Right and left superior suprarenal arteries that branch from the inferior phrenic artery that branches from the abdominal aorta
2- Right and left middle suprarenal arteries branching from the abdominal aorta
3- right and left inferior suprarenal arteries that branch from the renal arteries branching from the abdominal aorta

Question 11

Describe the venous drainage of the kidneys

Answer 11

Right and left renal beings that drain into the inferior vena cava

Question 12

Where does the ureter open into the bladder

Answer 12

At the ureteric orrfices

Question 13

How is the pubic symphysis anatomically related to the bladder

Answer 13

Anteriorly

Question 14

What supplies blood to the bladder

Answer 14

Superior and inferior vesicle branches of the internal iliac artery

Question 15

What is a Bifid Pelvis

Answer 15

When there are two distinct section in the renal pelvis

Question 16

What is Bifid ureter

Answer 16

2 ureters ( separate or conjoined ) coming from 1 kidney

Question 17

What is a retrocaval ureter

Answer 17

Ureter that travels posterior to inferior vena cava

Question 18

What is the lumbar plexus

Answer 18

Network of nerves located in posterior abdominal wall. Formed by branches ( anterior remai ) of L1,2,3,4 spinal nerves.

Question 19

What is the brachial plexus composed of

Answer 19

Cervical spinal nerves C5,6,7 , 8 AND T1

Question 20

List the branches of the Lumbar plexus

Answer 20

1- Iliohypogastric nerve : L1 
2- Ilio-linguinal nerve : L1 
3- Genitofemoral nerve : L1 & L2 
4- Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh : L2 & L3 
5- Femerol never : L2, 3, &4 
6- Obturator nerve : L2,3,4

Question 21

What is the largest nerve in the lumbar plexus

Answer 21

The femoral nerve