Female reproductive anatomy

Question 1

What is the pouch of Douglas

Answer 1

Recto - uterine pouch where infections and abscess can occur. Usually will require surgical intervention.

Question 2

What is the vesico-uterine pouch

Answer 2

Pouch in-between the uterus and bladder

Question 3

Explain the anatomy of the uterus

Answer 3

Pear shaped approximately 7.5cm in length.

Composed of fundus ( upper part ), body ( main part) and cervix ( lower part leading to vagina ).

Question 4

Describe ante flexion and anteversion of uterus

Answer 4

In adult female uterus is bent forward on itself = anteflexion
Axis of cervix forms 90 degrees with axis of vagina = anteversion

Question 5

Describe anteflexion and anteversion of uterus

Answer 5

In adult female uterus is bent forward on itself = anteflexion
Axis of cervix forms 90 degrees with axis of vagina = anteversion

Question 6

What is the broad ligament

Answer 6

Double layer of peritoneum covering the uterus anteriorly and posteriorly. Extends from sides of uterus to later walls of pelvis and into pelvic floor.

Question 7

List what the broad ligament carries ( Hint : 6 )

Answer 7

1- uterine tubes within its free edge 
2- ovaries attached to posterior of broad ligament by mesovarium 
3- round ligament 
4- ovarian ligament 
5- lymphatic vessels and nerves 
6- uterine and ovarian vasculature

Question 8

What is the round ligament

Answer 8

Provides support for uterus

Question 9

What is the cornu

Answer 9

Point where uterine tubes open into uterus. Ovarian ligament attaches ovary to Cornu

Question 10

What are the anterior relations of the uterus

Answer 10

1- Vesico-uterine pouch

2– superior surface of bladder

Question 11

What are the posterior relations of the uterus

Answer 11

1- Recto-uterine pouch

Question 12

What are the lateral relations of the uterus

Answer 12

1- Broad ligament

Question 13

Explain the blood supply of the uterus

Answer 13

Iliac arteries branching from the abdominal aorta will split into external and internal iliac artery on each side. Uterine artery branches from the left and right internal iliac artery.

Uterine artery travels across the ureters anteriorly

Question 14

Explain the blood supply of the bladder

Answer 14

The umbilical and vaginal artery supply blood to bladder

Question 15

Explain he anatomy of ovaries

Answer 15

Almond shaped each 4 cm in length. Attached to posterior region of broad ligament by mesovarium.

Question 16

What is the suspensory ligament of ovary

Answer 16

Attached to lateral region of ovary and later wall of pelvis. Ovarian artery, vein, nerves and lymphatic vessels travel through the ligament.

Question 17

What are the uterine tubes

Answer 17

The Fallopian tubes approximately 10 cm in length. Lie in free edge of broad ligament. Each tube opens into cornu

Question 18

List 4 regions of uterine tubes

Answer 18

1- Infundibulum : bugle shaped extremity, mouth of infundibulum overlies the ovary
2- ampulla : wide and thin walled
3- Isthmus : narrow, straight and thick walled
4- Interstitial part : part of uterine tube that pieces the uterus wall

Question 19

Explain the external anatomy of the vagina

Answer 19

1- libium majora
2- libium minus
3- vestibule of vagina
4- prepuce and glands of clitoris

Question 20

What is the lymphatic drainage of the fundus and upper half of body

Answer 20

Lumbar

Question 21

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lower part of the body

Answer 21

External iliac

Question 22

Explain the anatomy of the breast

Answer 22

Composed of 15-20 lobules of glandular tissue embedded with adipose tissue. Lobules sported by fibrous septa that runs from subcutaneous tissue to fascia of chest wall. Breast tissue extends into axilla.

Question 23

What are the ligaments of Cooper

Answer 23

Fibrous septa separating lobules

Question 24

What duct opens into the nipple

Answer 24

The lactiferous sinus and lactiferous ducts

Question 25

Explain the lymphatic drainage of the breast

Answer 25

Lateral quadrants : Axillary lump nodes

Medial quadrants : parasternal node