Renal

Question 1

Course of ureters

Answer 1

ureters lie anterior to the internal iliac artery and posterior to the uterine artery

Question 2

MC structure damaged during GYN procedures (ligation of uterine/ ovarian vessels)

Answer 2

Ureter

• Over common iliac
• (water) Under the (bridge) uterine artery/ vas deferens

Question 3

MC site of injury in case of a full bladder

Answer 3

Bladder dome
- since it extends into the peritoneal space when full

• intraperitoneal free fluid (urine)

Question 4

Failure of ureteric bud to dev seen in?

Answer 4

B/l renal agenesis - Potter

Question 5

Interim 1st trimester kidney derived from which structure?

Answer 5

Mesonephros

» PMM «

Pronephros : w4, degen
Mesonephros : 1st trim kidney, male genitals
Metanephros : w5

Question 6

What structure forms calyces and collecting ducts?

Answer 6

Ureteric bud

• ureter
• pelvises
• calyces
• collecting ducts

Question 7

What structure forms DCT?

Answer 7

Metanephric mesenchyme

• glomerulut to DCT

Question 8

MCC u/l hydronephrosis

Answer 8

Congenital obstruction/ stenosis of ureteropelvic junction

• last to canalize

Question 9

MCC death in potter sequence

Answer 9

Pulm hypoplasia

• triggered by Oligohydramnios

Question 10

MCC b/l hydronephrosis

Answer 10

Post urethral valves in males d/t persistent urogenital memb @ bladder and urethral junction

Question 11

Which structure prevents ascent of kidneys

Answer 11

MC in kidneys w fused inf poles - horseshoe kidney

Inf mesenteric A

• inc risk of hydronephrosis, stones, infection, renal ca
• ass.w Turner, trisomy 13, 18, 21

Question 12

Which neutral AA transporters are present in proximal renal tubular cells?

Answer 12

Tryptophan

• def in Hartnup disease
• Pellagra ~ Sx
• Tx: high protein diet + Nicotinic acid