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Anat, Embryo + Histo > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

Blood supply of LL

A

Aorta > C Iliac > Int + Ext Iliac

Ext iliac > inf epigastric (prox to inguinal canal. DM, IL hernia) > C femoral > deep circumflex iliac

Int iliac (pelvis, glut & med thigh) > obturator (bladder & med thigh) > sup gluteal

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2
Q

Lumbar puncture

A

L3/4 or L4/5

  • before epidural anesthesia, examine for increased intracranial pressure bc cerebellar tonsils may herniate through the foramen magnum.
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3
Q

Humerus #

surgical neck

shaft

medial epicondyle

Supracondylar

A

surgical neck: Axillary N. Post numeral circumflex artery

shaft: Radial N. Profunda brachii

medial epicondyle: Ulnar N.

Supracondylar: Median N. Brachial A.

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4
Q

MC # of arm >50y/o

A

Radial

  1. Flexion # / Smith’s : ant displaced fragment
  2. Extension / Colle’s # : fall on an outstretched hand. Dinner fork deformity (wrist curved like a fork)
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5
Q

Scaphoid #

A

Fall onto an outstretched hand

Tenderness in snuff box 2-3 w later

Avascular necrosis, prox fragment

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6
Q

Boxer’s #

A

2nd n 3rd metacarpals

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7
Q

Rotator cuff

A

» SITS «

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

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8
Q

Abduction of UL

A

0°-15° : initiated by the supraspinatus muscle (suprascapular nerve).

15°-110º : deltoid muscle (axillary nerve)

110°-180° : scapular rotation by action of the trapezius (accessory nerve CNXI) and serratus anterior (long thoracic nerve).

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9
Q

Pain during opening a door / lifting a glass

A

Later epicondylitis

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10
Q

Cubital fossa

A

Lat to medial
Biceps tendon — Brachial A — Median N

IV into Median Cubital vein (cephalic + basilic)

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11
Q

Ape hand / absence of opposition

A

Median N injury // Carpal tunnel : lunate dislocation

Fixed by gaining entry into carpal bones bound by flexor retinaculum

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12
Q

Addicted shoulder + medically rotated arm + extended elbow + loss of sensation in the lateral aspect of arm

Lesion.

A

Waiters tip

Erb palsy
Upper Brachial root (C5-6) lesion

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13
Q

Child pulled by parent / guardian

A

Klumpke palsy

C8-T2

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14
Q

MC # in elderly w osteoporosis

A

Femoral neck : avascular necrosis

Medial circumflex femoral A

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15
Q

Potts #

A

MC inversion/ adduction injury : ANt talofib ligament inured

Sprained ankle

Eversion/ abduction injury : medial malleolus or med lig injured

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16
Q

Reflexes

Knee jerk:

Ankle jerk:

A

Knee jerk: L2-4

Ankle jerk: S1-2

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17
Q

Weak hip extension n knee flexion after a SC injection, glut

A

Hip dislocation

Sciatica / piriformis syndrome

Foot drop, flail foot

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18
Q

Cannot climb stairs or stand from sitting

A

Inf gluteal injury

Weak hip extension, glut max

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19
Q

Femoral sheath

A

Lateral to medial
NAV

Femoral N - femoral sheath (A + V) - femoral ring (site of hernia)

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20
Q

Mass inf + lateral to pubic tubercle

A

Femoral hernia

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21
Q

Cannot stand on toes

A

Tibial N injury

Loss of plantar flexion
Weak inversion

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22
Q

Foot drop

A 
Peroneal N 
# fibular neck
23
Q

Pain w hip extension, flank plain, fever, pain inc w movement

A

Psoas sign

Minimize psoas stretching: hip flexion, ext rotation, lumbar lordosis

Psoas abscess d/t Diabetes mellitus, IV drug use, HIV, immunosuppression

Psoas seen : appendicitis

24
Q

MCC PCL tear

A

Force to ant tibia

25
Q

McMurray test

A
  • meniscus tears
  • Your doctor will bend your knee, then straighten and rotate it. This puts tension on a torn meniscus. If you have a meniscus tear, this movement will cause a clicking sound.
26
Q

Wrist + 4th, 5th digit flexion

A

Ulnar Nerve

27
Q

Spilled teacup sign seen in

A

Lunate dislocation

28
Q

Hip flexion by

A

Iliopsoas

29
Q

Muscle causing hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation.

A

Sartorius

30
Q

Muscle causing hip flexion + knee extension

A

Rectum femoris

31
Q

MC injured UL nerve

A

Radial

  • largest
  • humoral midshaft # (penetrating)
  • axillary trauma/ crutches
32
Q

Which muscles supplies extensors of UL.?

A

Radial

33
Q

Major muscles of hip flexion

A
  1. Iliopsoas
  2. Sartorious
  3. Rectum femoris
34
Q

Hip abduction and medial rotation by?

A

Gluteus medius, minimus w Tensor fascia lata

35
Q

Muscle that close the jaw

A

» TMP «
Temporalis
Masseter
medial Pterygoid

» M’s Munch «
> It takes more muscles to keep your mouth shut

36
Q

Muscles that open the jaw

A

Lateral pterygoid

» Lateral Lowers «

37
Q

Motor innervation of tongue

A

Most: CN XII
Palatoglossus: CN X

38
Q

Sensory innervation of tongue

A

Ant 2/3 : V3
Post 1/3 : CN IX
post tongue root : CN X

» 5, 9, 10 «

» Taste : Seven,
Sensation : Trigeminal «

39
Q

Taste sensation of tongue

A

Ant 2/3 : VII
Post 1/3 : IX
Post tongue root + upper esoph : X

» 7, 9, 10 «

» Taste : Seven,
Sensation : Trigeminal «

40
Q

Muscles for smiling

A

Buccinator

41
Q

Kehr sign

A

LUQ pain w L shoulder pain

42
Q

Clinical reflex song

A

S1,2 buckle my shoe
L2,4 kick the door
C5,6 pick up the sticks

43
Q

1° site of extramedullary hematopoesis

A

Liver + spleen

N in Red bone marrow

44
Q

MCC post hip dislocation?

A

Femoral head displaced post to acetabulum

  1. Head on motor vehicle collision, dashboard injury
  2. Elderly
  3. Prosthetic joints
45
Q

MCC leg shortening

A
  1. Post hip dislocation (add + Int rotated leg) - Sciatic

2. Intertrochanteric hip # (ext rotated leg) - Psoas + iliacus

46
Q

MCC impaired ankle reflexes and dorsiflexion?

A

Sciatic N injury

Passes post to hip joint

47
Q

MCC Nerve injured in ant hip dislocation?

A

Femoral N + Artery

48
Q

Which nerve is compressed by tight clothes?

A

L Femoral cutaneous

  • under inguinal lig and into lateral thigh
49
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the LL

A

A. Superficial : along veins

  • drain skin + SC tissue
    1. Medial : along long saphenous V - Sup inguinal LN
    2. Lateral : popliteal and inguinal LN

B. Deep lymphatics : along the arteries
- drain deep + sup muscles

50
Q

Structures drained by sup inguinal LN

A
  1. LL
  2. Scrotum!
  3. Perineum
  4. Ant Abd wall (inf to umbilicus)
  5. Butt
  6. Skin of penis (vs Glans penis + Penile urethra - drain into deep inguinal LN)
51
Q

Nerve conduction studies

A

NCS : Demyelination vs Axonal neuropathy

  • Demyelination: Delayed or blocked nerve conduction velocity
  • Axonal injury: reduced in signal strength/ amplitude.
  • Myasthenia Gravis: Normal NCS, but decreased motor strength on repetitive stimuli in Muscle Conduction studies.
52
Q

Nerve conduction studies

A

NCS : Demyelination vs Axonal neuropathy

  • Demyelination: Delayed or blocked nerve conduction velocity
  • Axonal injury: reduced in signal strength/ amplitude.
  • Myasthenia Gravis: Normal NCS, but decreased motor strength on repetitive stimuli in Muscle Conduction studies.
53
Q

Int rotation of hip cause by which muscles?

A

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata

54
Q

Ext rotation of hip mediated by which muscles?

A

Iliopsoas
Gluteus maximus
Piriformis
Obturator

Anat, Embryo + Histo (12 decks)

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