Renal Flashcards
What is Berger’s Disease?
IgA Nephropathy ie. GN (usually haematuria) occurring at same time as resp infection/gastroenteritis
15yo boy, haematuria, left loin pain, proteinuria. Enlarged L kidney on USS. Dx?
Renal vein thrombosis secondary to nephrotic syndrome
Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
2mo boy with UTI and deranged renal function. Bilateral hydronephrosis found on ultrasound. Likely Dx and best Ix?
Micturating cystogram
Posterior urethral valves causing reflux
Indications for EPO in context of CKD
Symptomatic anemia
OR
Hb <11
Indication for Dialysis in CKD
eGFR <15
NB. Depending on clinical context, symptom control may be more appropriate
Conditions for peritoneal dialysis
No associated comorbidities
Patient with chronic back pain presents with moderate renal impairment.
Analgesic nephropathy (even paracetamol)
Gold standard Ix for renal artery stenosis
Digital subtraction angiography
Commonest bladder cancer worldwide
SCC
TCC commonest in UK
Surgical options for urge incontinence
Sacral nerve stimulation
Botulinum toxin
Augmenation cystoplasty
Urinary diversion
Phimosis vs paraphimosis
Phimosis: tight foreskin
Paraphimosis: cannot replace foreskin once pulled back
When to offer TUIP rather than TURP
If prostate mass <30g
NICE guidelines suggest that prostate mass of 30g or less does not suggest benign prostatic enlargement
What is Peyronie’s disease?
When penis bends in middle of shaft during erection
Associated with Dupuytrons
Prostate Ca meds with gynaecomastia SE
Filutamide (tablet) GnRH analogues (Gosurelin injection)
Urology medication that should not be handled by women with childbearing potential
Dutasteride/Finasteride
Prostate Ca treatment
Gleason score:
Low: active surveillance
Intermediate: Prostatectomy + radiotherapy
High: Prostatectomy + radiotherapy (if realistic prospect of disease control)
Which prostate ca medication does not affect sexual function?
Bicalutamide
Which medication used in Urology exacerbates MG?
Doxycycline (Rx for epidymo-orchitis)
Treatment of met prostate cancer initiated, develops back pain and leg weakness. ?cause
Gosurelin, causes flare first, like in this case causing SCC
Testicular Cancer RFs
Cryptorchidism (absence from scrotum) FH Infertility Ca in contralateral testicle Klinefelter's syndrome
Seminoma v Teratoma age of onset
SSSeminoma SSSlow growing
Seminoma: 30-40yo
Teratoma: <30
Signs + RX of renal osteodystrophy
Bone pain, low calcium, high phosphate
due to lack of vitamin D
Rx: alfacalcidol (vitamin d prologue only requiring activation by liver)
