Renal

Question 1

Delta/Delta

Answer 1

change in Gap/change in bicarb

Question 2

D/D norm

Answer 2

1-1.5

Question 3

D/D>1.5

Answer 3

metabolic alkalosis

Question 4

D/D<1

Answer 4

Metabolic acidosis

Question 5

Acute PCO2 inc 10

Answer 5

bicarb inc 1

Question 6

Acute PCO2 dec 10

Answer 6

bicarb dec 1

Question 7

chronic PCO2 inc 10

Answer 7

bicarb inc 3-4

Question 8

chronic PCO2 dec 10

Answer 8

bicarb dec 5

Question 9

HCO3 inc 10

Answer 9

PCO2 inc 10

Question 10

HCO3 dec 10

Answer 10

PCO2 dec 15

Question 11

contrast induced nephropathy prevention

Answer 11

no current evidence t given volume beforehand, during, or after one study showing increased risk of renal failure with volume

Question 12

KDIGO(Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes) criteria for AKI

Answer 12

rise in Cr .3 over 48h, rise >1.5 times baseline in a week, UOP < .5 ml/kg/hr over 6 hours

Question 13

Most common trajectory for acute renal failure in critical illness?

Answer 13

2/3 with full recovery by day 7 of admission. But those with early reversal about half have relapse during hospitilization but most of those will recover.

Question 14

biggest risk factor of nonrecovery of renal failure in critical illness?

Answer 14

OR 1.51 for vasopressor administration

• other high RF were age, severity of illness, and cardiac disease
• protective characteristics: surgical admission, high UOP, MV

Question 15

Refeeding syndrome, how to feed?

Answer 15

20 kcal/h until phos levels remain normal without repletion for 3 consecutive days