Renal

Question 1

Prerenal/Prenephric disorders

Answer 1

Cardiovasular disorders, hypovolemia, sepsis, tumors, trauma, GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Question 2

Intrarenal/intranephric disorders

Answer 2

Acute tubular necrosis, ischemia, nephrotoxic drugs

Question 3

Postrenal/postnephric disorders

Answer 3

Ureteral, bladder, urethral obstructions, pyelonephritis (because it originates from bladder)

Question 4

Treating ARF

Answer 4

Intermittent dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for unstable/critical patients
Monitor BUN and creatinine
Identify and correct cause

Question 5

Serum Creatinine

Answer 5

• Product of creatine metabolism in muscles
• Helps to measure GFR
• Removed from blood by kidneys
• Major test of kidney function

Question 6

Creatinine Clearince

Answer 6

Urine test
24 hour collection
low levels could indicate creatinine is remaining in blood
(GFR declines ~10% per decade after 50)

Question 7

Urea

Answer 7

Measured with BUN

Formed in liver as a byproduct of protein metabolism

Question 8

Factors affecting BUN

Answer 8

Diet
Hydration status
GI bleeding can inccrease nitrogenous waste from blood break down
2/3 loss of renal function before significant increase in BUN occurs
BUN IS INCREASED IN KIDNEY MALFUNCTION