Renal

Question 1

What are diuretics classified by?

Answer 1

Mechanism of action and location of action within the nephron

Diuretics can act on different receptors or parts of the nephron.

Question 2

Which diuretics act on the proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 2

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

These diuretics inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.

Question 3

What types of diuretics act on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Answer 3

Osmotic and loop diuretics

Loop diuretics are particularly potent in their action.

Question 4

Which diuretics act on the early distal convoluted tubule?

Answer 4

Thiazide diuretics

Thiazides are commonly used for hypertension and edema.

Question 5

What type of diuretics act on the distal convoluted tubule?

Answer 5

Potassium sparing diuretics

These diuretics help retain potassium while promoting diuresis.

Question 6

Which diuretics act on the late distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct?

Answer 6

Aldosterone antagonists

Aldosterone antagonists block the effects of aldosterone, reducing sodium reabsorption.

Question 7

What substances are secreted by the renal medulla

Answer 7

80:20 adrenaline and noradrenaline

Question 8

Where is cortisol secreted?

Answer 8

By the zona fasiculata of the adrenal gland

Question 9

Where is aldosterone secreted

Answer 9

The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland