Renal

Question 1

Overall kidney function

Answer 1

Maintain homeostasis

Question 2

7 functions of kidneys

Answer 2

1) Regulate electrolytes
2) Regulate water balance
3) Maintain pH
4) Excrete metabolic waste compounds
5) Excrete foreign compounds
6) Secrete hormones
7) Convert vitamin D

Question 3

Location of kidneys

Answer 3

retroperitoneal (towards the back), stuck to body wall, not free floating

Question 4

Functional unit of kidneys

Answer 4

Nephron

Question 5

What is the nephron

Answer 5

Small structure in the kidneys capable of performing all functions of the kidney

Question 6

Blood flow path through the kidneys

Answer 6

1) In through renal artery, branches to smaller artery
2) Through afferent arterioles
3) Through glomerulus
4) Through peritubular capillaries
5) Out renal vein

Question 7

Filtrate flow path through the kidneys

Answer 7

1) Bowmans capsule collects filtrate through glomerulus
2) Through proximal tubule
3) Through loop of Henle
4) Through distal tubule
5) Out collecting duct

Question 8

What is filtered through the glomerulus

Answer 8

Plasma, electrolytes, small peptides, positive molecules

Question 9

What is not filtered through the glomerulus

Answer 9

Most plasma proteins, red & white blood cells, negatively charged compounds

Question 10

3 driving factors of glomerulus filtration and do they favour or oppose filtration

Answer 10

1) Capillary blood pressure (favours)
2) Plasma-colloid osmotic pressure (opposes)
3) Bowmans capsule hydrostatic pressure (opposes)