Renal

Question 1

labs to assess kidney

Answer 1

GFR
BUN
CReatinine

Question 2

what is the test we use

Answer 2

GFR - should be around 90

Question 3

Creatine should be around

Answer 3

1

Question 4

significant damage to kidney is

Answer 4

WBC or RBC casts

Question 5

which antiHTN class monitor renal function

Answer 5

ACE inhibitors

Question 6

usually pt are ______ in CKD until stage 3

Answer 6

asymptomatic

Question 7

what will pt present with CKD

Answer 7

fatigue
dry itchy skin
edema
Hematuria
depression

Question 8

what is the best indicator of kidney function

Answer 8

GFR

Question 9

Stage 4 of CKD shows

Answer 9

peripheral edema, dyspnea, alterations in urine color and concentration, flank pain and fatigue

Question 10

The nurse practitioner is assessing the blood pressure of a male patient with known chronic kidney disease. On his home blood pressure logs, his blood pressure consistently runs from 130-136 mmHg systolic and 81-87 mmHg diastolic most days. Which of the following antihypertensive medications would it be appropriate to initiate if the patient is in stage 2 chronic kidney disease?

Answer 10

The correct answer is lisinopril (Prinivil). In patients with earlier stages of chronic kidney disease, ACE-Inhibitors such as Lisinopril can be renal protective and slow the loss of kidney function. Renal function will need to be routinely monitored moving forward, and lisinopril should be discontinued if the patient reaches stage 4 of chronic kidney disease or higher

Question 11

The main sx of UTI in elderly is

Answer 11

confusion

Question 12

go to test for UTI

Answer 12

Urinalysis

Question 13

most common bacteria for UTI is

Answer 13

E Coli

Question 14

treatment for UTI

Answer 14

Bactrim for three days
Nitrofurantoin (macrobid), Kelfex
uncomplicated for UTI s/s for 7 days
Bactrim or fluoroquinolone (cipro for 7 - 10 days

Question 15

when patient is taking warfarin what Abx do you not give with it

Answer 15

Bactrim

Question 16

As the renal function decreases the creatinine does what

Answer 16

increases

Question 17

GFR rate sould be

Answer 17

> 90

Question 18

BUN normal range is

Answer 18

6 - 24

Question 19

WBC casts with proteinuria indicate

Answer 19

pyelonephritis

Question 20

UTI is if p;atient has

Answer 20

> 100,000 bacteria

Question 21

should pregnant women always be treated for UTI

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

uncomplicated UTI treat with

Answer 22

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra) BID x 3.
* Sulfa allergic: Nitrofurantoin BID x 5
* Fosfomycin 3g x 1 dose
* Augmentin 875/125 mg BID x 5-7 days
* Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) BID x 2 days PRN, will turn urine orange/yellow.

Question 23

complicated UTI treat with

Answer 23

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 500mg BID or levofloxacin 750mg once a day for 7-10 days
* Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole BID or cefixime (Suprax) 400mg BID for 7-10 days.
* Sulfa allergy: Cephalexin (Keflex), Ceclor, Cipro

Question 24

shift to the left indicates

Answer 24

the presence of immature neutrophils - means serous infection

Question 25

Nephrolithiasis (urolithiasis) aka kidney stones are made up of

Answer 25

calcium oxalate

Question 26

acute kidney injury s/s

Answer 26

oliguria, edema, weight gain

Question 27

kidney stones increases the risk of

Answer 27

pyelonephritis

Question 28

Gold standard test for kidney stones is a

Answer 28

CT also check PTH

Question 29

uncomplicated UTI first line is a

Answer 29

Macrobid

Question 30

WBC casts in urine equal

Answer 30

pyelonephritis

Question 31

UA above what indicates UTI

Answer 31

>100,000

Question 32

large amount of epitheleal cells in urinaylsis indicate

Answer 32

Contaminated

Question 33

UA with protein r/o

Answer 33

kidney disease

Question 34

5 alpha reducatse inhibitor is

Answer 34

finasteride (proscar) decreases size of prostate

Question 35

Alpha blockers

Answer 35

Terazosin (Hytrin) and Ta m s u l o s i n ( F l o m ax ) wo r k b y re l ax i n g t h e smooth muscle tissue of the prostate gland, which enlarges the diameter of the urethra. They may start to control symptoms in as little as 3 days.

Question 36

what medication is used for BPH

Answer 36

Saw Palmetto

Question 37

shift to the left means there is a

Answer 37

serious infection nted by teh increase in immature WBC

Question 38

what lab indicative of poor renal funtio niwth possibly mortality

Answer 38

high BUN with low GFR

Question 39

UTI we give what medication

Answer 39

BACTRIM UNLESS ALLERGIC THEN WE GIVE CIPRO

Question 40

GOLD STANDARD TO CHECK FOR KIDNEY STONES IS A

Answer 40

CT

Question 41

UTI is more common in

Answer 41

women

Question 42

is defined as the presence of one or more species of bacteria growing in the urine (≥105 CFU/mL) in the absence of UTI symptoms, irrespective of the presence of pyuria.

Answer 42

Asymptomatic bacteriuria

Question 43

PRe - renal causes of Acute kidney injury is

Answer 43

acute tubular necrosis - hypoprofusion of the kidneys

Question 44

Avoid long-term use of nitrofurantoin, if possible can cause

Answer 44

lung problems, chronic hepatitis and neuropathy