Rationales and questions did not get or want to know Flashcards
Bullous impetigo is most commonly caused from
Staph aureus
bacteria most commonly assoicated with otitis externa is
pseudomonas aeruginosa
CDC recommends check for 45 year old check for AIC is to be done
twice a yr and goal is <7
Which of the following signs and symptoms would be present in a patient with viral conjunctivitis?
Preauricular lymphadenopathy
known commonly by the layman’s term “pink eye” typically presents with watery discharge. As well, discharge may begin in one eye, and progress to the other. Preauricular lymphadenopathy is also common with viral conjunctivitis.
According to AHA guidelines, the nurse practitioner should begin initiating medications for a hypertensive patient when their BP is 130-139/80-89 at what ASCVD cutoff point?
10%
According to the AHA/ACC Hypertension guidelines, a patient is in Stage 1 Hypertension when the systolic BP is 130-139 mmHg or the diastolic BP is 80-89 mmHg. For patients in Stage 1, it is appropriate to initiate antihypertensives if their ASCVD risk score is 10% or greater.
Which electrolyte is regulated by the hormone made by the parathyroid gland?
Calcium
A 47-year-old male patient presents with vague abdominal complaints, and you order a hepatitis B panel. Here are the results: + IgM, - IgG, + HBsAg, - Anti-HBs. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these results?
Acute Hep B infection
+IgM can be used as a hallmark sign of an acute infection. When IgM is positive on a hepatitis B panel, this indicates that the patient is acutely infected. Furthermore, the +HBsAg is a marker of the protein on the surface of the hepatitis B virus that is positive when the virus is present, either in acute or chronic hepatitis b. IgG becomes positive when infection is cleared, or there is a chronic infection. Anti-HBs would be positive if the patient is vaccinated, or immune from exposure to hepatitis B.
When is it appropriate to do Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) testing in pregnant patients to test for possible Down syndrome or neural tubal defects?
15 to 20 weeks
low levels mean down syndrome
High levels indicate spina bifida
Your middle-aged patient decides to begin lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise to avoid the risk of going from labs being consistent with pre-diabetes to being consistent with type 2 diabetes. This is an example of which of the following?
Health belief models
The health belief model is used for health promotion and disease prevention. According to the health belief model, patients will take positive health actions to avoid perceived negative health outcomes. In this scenario, the patient will modify diet and exercise to avoid the negative outcome of diabetes.
A 39-year-old female patient is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) today during her visit. She has no significant past medical history. Which of the following is the most effective medication that can be administered for GERD?
Omeprazole (prilosec(
PPI
Which of the following tests would be the most helpful in diagnosing a patient with a meniscal injury?
Apley Grind test
Patient complains of an acute onset of muscle pain (not related to physical exertion), muscle weakness, and dark urine (myoglobinuria). Muscle tenderness and swelling may be seen, which rules out compartment syndrome. Myoglobins released from damaged muscle result in reddish-brown or tea-colored urine.
Rhabdomyolysis
Acute Pyelonephritis
Patient presents with acute onset of high fever, chills, nausea/vomiting, dysuria, frequent urination, and unilateral flank pain. The flank pain is described as a deep ache. May complain of nausea (with/without vomiting) and may have a recent history of urinary tract infection (UTI). Indications for hospitalization include inability to maintain oral hydration, persistently high fever (>101.0°F/>38.4°C), toxic appearance, immune compromise, or suspicion of sepsis or noncompliance to treatment.
Patient presents with abrupt onset of oliguria, edema, and weight gain (fluid retention) and complains of lethargy, nausea, and loss of appetite. The condition is characterized by rapid decrease in renal function and elevated serum creatinine.
Acute kidney injury
Some of the most common causes of drug-induced AKI are
aminoglycosides, contrast agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and protease inhibitors.
