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Med Surg final > Renal🤰🏽 > Flashcards

Renal🤰🏽 Flashcards

1
Q

Anuria

A

urine output of less than 100 mL in 24 hrs

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2
Q

what is a normal urine output in 1 hour?

A

30 ml/ hr

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3
Q

Azotemia

A

syndrome from increased BUN and increase creatine together

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4
Q

Sypmtoms of a UTI

A

Frequency, urgency, nocturia, dysuria

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5
Q

Oliguria

A

decreased urine output

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6
Q

Polyuria

A

increase urine output more than 2000mL per 24hr

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7
Q

Uremia

A

manifestations of renal failure

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8
Q

When you get old, what are some changes to your renal system?

A

Reduced renal blood flow

Decreased glomerular filtration rate

Decreased tubule length

Decreased sense of thirst

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9
Q

When you get old, what are some changes to your bladder?

A

Changes in detrusor muscle elasticity

Decreased bladder capacity

Decreased muscle tone of urinary sphincters

Enlarged prostate

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10
Q

Normal Specific gravity

A

1.000-1.030

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11
Q

What are things that should never be in our urine?

A

Glucose, Ketone bodies , Protein, Leukocyte Esterase, crystals, bacteria

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12
Q

Normal pH of urine

A

anywhere between 4-8

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13
Q

What happens if you leave a urine sample out?

A

Bacteria can grow!

Zip it up and throw thats shit on ice

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14
Q

Normal Serum Creatinine

A

0.2 – 1.0 mg/dl

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15
Q

What is Serum Creatinine a good indicator for?

A

renal failure 😜

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16
Q

Normal BUN

A

8-10 mg/dl

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17
Q

If the BUN is rising but the Serum Creatinine is bot then….

A

this aint no renal issue

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18
Q

When you are collecting a urine sample, what do you tell the patient to do?

A

Do not let the first dew drops go into the jar

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19
Q

How do you collect a urine sample from a foley cath?

A

form the tube NOT the bag

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20
Q

Cystitis

A

Inflammation of the bladder

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21
Q

Urethritis

A

Inflammatory process in urethra

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22
Q

Urethral stricture

A

narrowing of the the tubes that bring down urine

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23
Q

5 types of incontinence

A

stress

urge

overflow

functional

“mixed”

24
Q

Stress Urinary Incontinence

A

weakening of the bladder neck

Associated w/ childbirth

25
Q

Urge Urinary Incontinence

A

Overactieve bladder

Loss of urine r/t strong need/desire to urinate and inability to suppress feeling

26
Q

Overflow urinary incontinence

A

underactive bladder

Bladder is over distended

Constant dribble

can be due to meds, spinal cord damage, BPH

27
Q

Functional Urinary Incontinence

A

Caused by factors other than urinary tract issues

EX: Loss of cognitive function

28
Q

Mixed Urinary Incontinence

A

combination of stress and urge

29
Q

what is Urolithiasis

A

Presence of calculi (stones) in the urinary tract

30
Q

symptoms of Urolithiasis

A

sudden onset of extreme pain

hematuria

oliguria

Ureteral spasm

31
Q

True or false:

A stone that is not moving does not cause pain

A

TRUE

32
Q

Treatment of Urolithiasis

A

shock the stone

Surgery

33
Q

What is Polycystic Kidney Disease

A

Cyst fill with fluid in the nephron and continue to fill with the risk of rupture

34
Q

symptoms of PKD

A

Pain, distended ab, constipation, hematuria/cloudy urine, kidney stones etc

35
Q

PKD: Autosomal recessive

A

die early in childhood

36
Q

PKD: Autosomal dominant

A

cyst in adulthood

37
Q

Hydronephrosis

A

Outflow obstruction

Permanent damage quickly as 48 hrs and long as 2 weeks

38
Q

Acute Pyelonephritis

A

Bacterial infection in the kidney

39
Q

Chronic Pyelonephritis

A

numerous episodes of acute pyelo in the past

Associated w? structural kidney issues, diabetes, neurologic impairment

40
Q

Treatment for Chronic Pyelonephritis

A

Ureteral diversion or reimplantation

41
Q

Diabetic Nephropathy

A

Microvascular complication

42
Q

What is the leading cause to renal failure ?

A

Diabetic Nephropathy

43
Q

What will you see a lot of in a urine sample of someone with Diabetic Nephropathy?

A

PROTEIN

44
Q

Insulin and Diabetic Nephropathy…

A

re assess insulin requirements!!

45
Q

BPH

A

outflow obstruction on the their urinary tract

46
Q

Meds for BPH

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitors

Alpha blocking agents

47
Q

What should you not take when on medication for BPH?

A

VIAGRA

48
Q

what diet goes with BPH?

A

saw palmetto

49
Q

If PSA is less than 4 or greater than 10… what could this be related to?

A

Prostate cancer

50
Q

The arm that has a fistula you do not….

A

Take BP or

Puncture

51
Q

In renal failure, nurses should always take..

A

daily weights of pt

52
Q

Pt w/ renal failure should be on what kind of restriction?

A

Fluid restrictions

53
Q

Should a patient fast before. a PSA test?

A

yes, 8 hour before

54
Q

After a cystoscopy what is something you should tell the Pt not to be alarmed about?

A

Pink-tinged pee

55
Q

After a TURP, the patient will feel the urge to…

A

PEE

Med Surg final (4 decks)

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