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Med Surg final > Neuro 💅 > Flashcards

Neuro 💅 Flashcards

1
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale: 1st central pain assessment

A

do supraorbital pressure by feeling the rigid of the orbit, the trapezius squeeze which is uncomfortable, then the sternal rub (try other less horrific things FIRST) → if you do not respond to those then there is a problem

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2
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale: 2nd peripheral pain assessment

A

testing the extremities for the responsiveness

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3
Q

What kind of test are used in Neuro?

A

Labs

Xrays

CT

MRI

PET

MRS

EEG

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4
Q

what does a CT do?

A

uses contrast and looks for structural changes

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5
Q

what does a MRI do?

A

looks at soft tissue

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6
Q

what does a PET scan do?

A

Looks for maligancies and cerebral blood flow

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7
Q

what should you not give before a PET scan?

A

No metformin for 24 hours before

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8
Q

What does a EEG do?

A

eval brain activity

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9
Q

What is happening when you have a migraine?

A

Spasm of cerebral arteries

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10
Q

Symptoms of a migraine

A

Unilateral front temporal throbbing pain

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11
Q

Stages of Migraine (4)

A

Prodrome
Aura
Headache, then termination of same
Post prodrome

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12
Q

Meds for migraines

A

NSAIDs

Triptans

Ergotamine derivatives

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13
Q

What is a cluster headache?

A

Excruciating, non throbbing pain

Onset related to relaxation, naps or rem sleep

last for 30-90minsn

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14
Q

Tension headaches

A

Present with neck shoulder and muscle tenderness, bilat pain at the base of the skull and forehead

lasts 4 hours

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15
Q

SEIZURES: tonic

A

abrupt increase of significant muscle tone

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16
Q

SEIZURES: clonic

A

rhythmic jerking of the extremities

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17
Q

SEIZURES: absence

A

brief, blank stare, no postictal period

18
Q

SEIZURES: myoclonic

A

brief, involves, extremities either singly or in groups, may be symmetric or asymmetric

19
Q

SEIZURES: Atonic

A

drop attack

20
Q

SEIZURES: Complex partial

A

person loses consciousness, they may have automaticity, and they are unaware of what is going on and the event itself → usually involves the the temporal lobe

21
Q

SEIZURES: : simple partial

A

person remains conscious, they may have an aura, they may have a deja vu, they may perceive an offensive smell, could see increased HR, GI upset

22
Q

Seizure precautions!!!!

A 
airway
suction
oxygen available
IV access
side rails up & padded
23
Q

What do you never do during a seizure

A

Use a mother fucking tounge blade
or
restrict movement

24
Q

Is it okay to drink when you are taking seizure meds?

A

HELL NO

25
Q

EPILEPSY

A

Chronic disorder with recurrent unprovoked seizures; may be caused by abnormality in electrical neuronal activity and/ or due to imbalance

26
Q

Triggers of Epilepsy

A 
physical activity
stress
fatugue
alc/caffeine
flashing lights
27
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor ability

28
Q

What are you losing when you have a Parks?

A

dopamine loss and norepinephrine loss

29
Q

Dementia

A

A syndrome of slowly progressive cognitive decline

Patient is chronically confused

30
Q

Delirium: hyperactive

A

restless, agitated, agressive

just like a loon

31
Q

Delirium: hypoactive

A

quite and withdrawn

32
Q

what is MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS?

A

Chronic autoimmune disease

Affects the myelin sheath and conduction pathway of the CNS

33
Q

what is the goal of MS treatment?

A

Treating the symptoms and the slow the progression

34
Q

Guillain Barre Syndrome

A

Acute autoimmune disorder; follows an acute illness

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

35
Q

Treatment for GBS

A

Plasmapheresis (plasma exchange)

Immunoglobulin (IVIG)

36
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

A

Chronic autoimmune disease of neuromuscular junction

Primarily in muscles innervated by cranial nerves, as well as in skeletal and respiratory muscles.

weak and fatigued

37
Q

MG is caused by the formation of …

A

autoantibodies to acetylcholine receptors

38
Q

Treatment for MG

A

anticholinesterase

Immunosuppressants

IV immunoglobulin

39
Q

Myasthenic crisis

A

exacerbation of the symptoms caused by under-medication with the anticholinesterases:

40
Q

Cholinergic crisis

A

acute exacerbation of muscle weakness caused by overmedication with anticholinesterase drugs

41
Q

What should someone with MG avoid?

A

overheating, staying out of crowds, extreme changes in sleeping habits, or emotional extremes

42
Q

Bells Palsy

A

Acute inflammation of of the seventh cranial nerve

Unilateral!!!

Med Surg final (4 decks)

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