Renaissance/Reformation Flashcards
Renaissance
A period of European history during which renewed interest in classical culture like to far-reaching changes in art, learning, and views of the world.
Medici Family
Controlled Florence. One of the most powerful banking families in Italy.
Humanism
a intelectual movement in which thinkers studied classical text and focused on human potential and achievements
Patron
Of person who supports artists, especially financially
Secular
Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters
Baldassare Castiglione
Wrote a book called The Courtier that taught how to become a Renaissance Man.
Perspective
And artistic technique that creates the appearance of three dimensions on a flat surface
Michelangelo Buonarroti
A sculptor, poet, architect, and painter who used a realistic style when depicting the human body. Statue of David
Leonardo da Vinci
A painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist. Painted the Mona Lisa. Accurate anatomical drawings.
Raphael
Famous for his use of perspective. Loved to paint the Madonna and child. Painted the walls of Pope Julius II’s library, and also painted famous Renaissance figures as classical philosophers and their students. Painted the school of Athens
Francesco Petrarch
One of the earliest and most influential humanists, “Father of Renaissance humanism. Great poet who wrote in Italian and Latin.
Machiavelli
Wrote the book, The Prince, which acted as a political form of a guidebook.
The Prince
Examines the perfect conduct of human beings. Its better to be feared than loved.
Donatello
Made sculptures more realistic by carving natural postures and expressions that revealed personality. Statue of David: more feminine.
St. Peter’s Basilica/Sistine Chapel
the chapel of the pope in the Vatican at Rome, built for Pope Sixtus IV and decorated with frescoes by Michelangelo and others.
City-States
City and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit
Contrapposto
an asymmetrical arrangement of the human figure in which the line of the arms and shoulders contrasts with while balancing those of the hips and legs.
Fresco
a painting done rapidly in watercolor on wet plaster on a wall or ceiling
Vernacular
The everyday language of people in a religion or country
95 Theses
A document written by Martin Luther in 1517, challenged the teachings of the Catholic Church on the nature of penance, the authority of the pope and the usefulness of indulgences.
Martin Luther
German theologian who led the Reformation; believed that salvation is granted on the basis of faith rather than deeds
Edict of Worms
Order made by Charles V the Holy Roman Emperor banning the writings of Martin Luther and labeling him a heretic and enemy of the state
Johann Tetzel
Friar who raised money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral by selling indulgences.
John Calvin
French theologian who was a principal figure in the development of the system called Calvinism. Published Institutes of the Christian Religion, saying that God has already chosen who is going to be saved.