Renaissance And Reformation

Question 0

Jon Wycliffe?

Answer 0

First of many (very influential) theologians to openly criticize the church

Question 1

Machiavelli?

Answer 1

Wrote the Prince, which had the key to being a successful ruler in Europe

Question 2

Raphael?

Answer 2

Painted the School of Athens which showed aspects of classicism. Also painted the Madonna/Mary, and was known for his frescoes

Question 3

Michelangelo

Answer 3

Pietá- Mary and Jesus
David- 13 foot tall statue
Ceiling of Sistine Chapel in Rome- biblical stories

Question 4

Leonardo de Vinci?

Answer 4

Painted the Last supper- Jesus and his 12 disciples-, Mona Lisa, and wrote about his ideas for many topics. Built canals and first machine guns.

Question 5

Lorenzo de Medici

Answer 5

Patron, supported Michelangelo and let him live in his palace

Question 6

Tetzel?

Answer 6

He sold indulgences to the Catholics to “buy forgiveness” and lessen their time in purgatory

Question 7

Luther?

Answer 7

Wrote the 95 theses, which lead to Lutheranism- religion that believed by faith alone people could go to heaven

Question 8

Calvin?

Answer 8

Created Calvinism- Protestant branch that believed in predestination- God knows who will be saved and who will not be

Question 9

Charles V? ***add from PowerPoint

Answer 9

Sacked Rome, wasn’t supportive of the annulment of his aunt, who married Henry Vlll.

Question 10

Henry Vlll? (8)

Answer 10

Created the Anglican Church (similar to Catholicism without a pope), and was head of the Church of England

Question 11

Erasmus

Answer 11

Openly criticized the church, wrote books about biblical humanism- supportive of individuals reading the bible for themselves

Question 12

Gutenberg?

Answer 12

Created the printing press, which would forever change the world

Question 13

Savanarola?

Answer 13

Catholic Church reformer, preached about the abuses of the church and wanted churches to melt gold and silver to buy food for the hungry and poor

Question 14

Sir Thomas More?

Answer 14

Created the Eutopia- displayed an imaginary, perfect society

Question 15

Shakespeare? ask more

Answer 15

Play writer

Question 16

How did Machiavelli’s views reflect Italian Renaissance politics?

Answer 16

His writings showed his ideas about being a successful ruler which he created after observing rulers. He believed you need to have a stern side when needed, but be kind to his citizens.

Question 17

Luther vs. Roman Catholic Church beliefs to gain salvation?

Answer 17

Luther- faith alone

RCC- faith and good works, sacraments

Question 18

How did the printing press aid the spread of religious reform?

Answer 18

New theologians began to share their beliefs, creating new religions- especially Protestantism- which were then widely printed along with bibles. The new printings lead to the forming of new religions.

Question 19

What was an indulgence? Why did they infuriate Luther?

Answer 19

An indulgence was a way to “buy forgiveness” and spend less time in purgatory in the RCC.
These made Luther angry because the church was lying to its people, both about purgatory and the indulgences, which were used to just make more money.

Question 20

Explain “justification by faith”. How did it differ from the RCC?

Answer 20

This statement from Paul’s writings shows that God is just, and to be justified, you have to have faith in him and going to heaven after your life. This is different from RCC’s beliefs because they belief faith and good acts are what you need to get into heaven.

Question 21

How did predestination lead to a more strict religion?

Answer 21

Even though they believed there was no point in trying to change God’s mind, they believed that if they did enough good acts then God was leading them that way all along. They also did this to prove it to themselves and others that they were worthy enough to go into heaven.

Question 22

How did Henry Vlll change the Catholic Church in England? How did it impact the Protestant Reformation?*****

Answer 22

He formed the Anglican Church, which was similar to the Catholic Church, but lacked a pope. Instead, they made him “supreme head of the Church of England”.

Question 23

Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy? How was it a break with the Middle Ages?

Answer 23

***?