Renaissance And Reformation Flashcards
Jon Wycliffe?
First of many (very influential) theologians to openly criticize the church
Machiavelli?
Wrote the Prince, which had the key to being a successful ruler in Europe
Raphael?
Painted the School of Athens which showed aspects of classicism. Also painted the Madonna/Mary, and was known for his frescoes
Michelangelo
Pietá- Mary and Jesus
David- 13 foot tall statue
Ceiling of Sistine Chapel in Rome- biblical stories
Leonardo de Vinci?
Painted the Last supper- Jesus and his 12 disciples-, Mona Lisa, and wrote about his ideas for many topics. Built canals and first machine guns.
Lorenzo de Medici
Patron, supported Michelangelo and let him live in his palace
Tetzel?
He sold indulgences to the Catholics to “buy forgiveness” and lessen their time in purgatory
Luther?
Wrote the 95 theses, which lead to Lutheranism- religion that believed by faith alone people could go to heaven
Calvin?
Created Calvinism- Protestant branch that believed in predestination- God knows who will be saved and who will not be
Charles V? ***add from PowerPoint
Sacked Rome, wasn’t supportive of the annulment of his aunt, who married Henry Vlll.
Henry Vlll? (8)
Created the Anglican Church (similar to Catholicism without a pope), and was head of the Church of England
Erasmus
Openly criticized the church, wrote books about biblical humanism- supportive of individuals reading the bible for themselves
Gutenberg?
Created the printing press, which would forever change the world
Savanarola?
Catholic Church reformer, preached about the abuses of the church and wanted churches to melt gold and silver to buy food for the hungry and poor
Sir Thomas More?
Created the Eutopia- displayed an imaginary, perfect society
Shakespeare? ask more
Play writer
How did Machiavelli’s views reflect Italian Renaissance politics?
His writings showed his ideas about being a successful ruler which he created after observing rulers. He believed you need to have a stern side when needed, but be kind to his citizens.
Luther vs. Roman Catholic Church beliefs to gain salvation?
Luther- faith alone
RCC- faith and good works, sacraments
How did the printing press aid the spread of religious reform?
New theologians began to share their beliefs, creating new religions- especially Protestantism- which were then widely printed along with bibles. The new printings lead to the forming of new religions.
What was an indulgence? Why did they infuriate Luther?
An indulgence was a way to “buy forgiveness” and spend less time in purgatory in the RCC.
These made Luther angry because the church was lying to its people, both about purgatory and the indulgences, which were used to just make more money.
Explain “justification by faith”. How did it differ from the RCC?
This statement from Paul’s writings shows that God is just, and to be justified, you have to have faith in him and going to heaven after your life. This is different from RCC’s beliefs because they belief faith and good acts are what you need to get into heaven.
How did predestination lead to a more strict religion?
Even though they believed there was no point in trying to change God’s mind, they believed that if they did enough good acts then God was leading them that way all along. They also did this to prove it to themselves and others that they were worthy enough to go into heaven.
How did Henry Vlll change the Catholic Church in England? How did it impact the Protestant Reformation?*****
He formed the Anglican Church, which was similar to the Catholic Church, but lacked a pope. Instead, they made him “supreme head of the Church of England”.
Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy? How was it a break with the Middle Ages?
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