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GCSE History (Medicine) > Renaissance > Flashcards

Renaissance Flashcards

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1
Q

What does renaissance mean?

A

Rebirth

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2
Q

What is Andreas Vesalius known for?

A
  • Writing The Fabric of the Human Body
  • Disproving some of Galen’s theories
  • Lecturing at Padua university
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3
Q

Which of Galen’s theories did Vesalius disprove?

A
  • The lower jaw was made up of one, not two bones
  • The heart had no holes
  • The liver had two, not five lobes
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4
Q

What is William Harvey known for?

A
  • He worked out the heart pumped blood around the body
  • He worked out blood travelled around the body in a one way system
  • Was the royal physician for James I and Charles I
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5
Q

What is Ambrose Paré known for?

A
  • Using an old roman ointment instead of cauterisation
  • Using ligatures to tie off closed blood vessels
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6
Q

What is John Hunter known for?

A
  • He encouraged the use of amputation only as a last resort
  • Trained Edward Jenner
  • Was the surgeon to George III
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7
Q

What was The Fabric of the Human Body?

A
  • Book written by Vesalius and illustrated by Da Vinci
  • Contained over 600 anatomical drawings that were detailed and accurate
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8
Q

What was John Hunter known as?

A

The founder of scientific surgery

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9
Q

What is another name for the renaissance period?

A

The early modern period

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10
Q

Who was the main opposition to changes in medicine in the renaissance period?

A

The church

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11
Q

What did Galileo Galilei do that went against the church?

A

He said the Earth orbited the Sun

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12
Q

Who was Paracelsus?

A
  • German physician
  • Went against Galen
  • Said disease originated from outside the body
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13
Q

What law was put in place to ensure surgeons were trained?

A

All surgeons within 7 miles of London had to have been given a licence by the Royal College of Surgeons

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14
Q

When did the Great Plague begin?

A

1665

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15
Q

By the 19th Century, what percentage of surgeons had undergone apprenticeships?

A

Almost 50%

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16
Q

What was the government response to the Plague?

A
  • Infected people were locked in their houses with a Red Cross on the door
  • All cats and dogs in London were killed
  • Banned people going to pubic meeting places eg. taverns
17
Q

What did people believe caused the Plague?

A
  • Miasma
  • God
18
Q

What did plague doctors wear?

A
  • Clothing that covered the whole body to prevent contact with air
  • Had lavender in the beak shaped mask because of bad air
19
Q

What caused more deaths, The Black Death or The Great Plague?

A

The Black Death

20
Q

Why did the Great Plague kill less people than the Black Death?

A

Organised government response lead to the disease spreading less

21
Q

What impact did The Great Fire of London have on The Great Plague?

A
  • It killed lots of the rats that spread the disease
  • The poor quality housing was destroyed and replaced with better housing (planned by Christopher Wren)
22
Q

What poor public health conditions were present in London?

A
  • Cramped housing
  • Animals in the street
  • Houses made of wood (which attracted rodents)
23
Q

Name 3 major changes in medicine during the Renaissance period

A
  • Apothecaries set up in most towns
  • New ingredients for medicine were available from across the world
  • Growth in popularity of quack medicine
24
Q

What was quack medicine?

A

Fake medicine that was often addictive that did nothing to treat the disease

25
Q

When was smallpox eradicated?

A

1980

26
Q

Who was Lady Mary Wortley Montague?

A

The person who brought the idea of inoculation to protect against smallpox to Britain

27
Q

Who invented vaccination?

A

Edward Jenner

28
Q

Who was Edward Jenner?

A

Doctor who discovered that catching cowpox prevented someone from catching smallpox in 1796

29
Q

What opposition was there to vaccination?

A
  • Some people believed it would turn you into a cow
  • Some people believed it was ungodly
  • Jenner had no idea why it worked

GCSE History (Medicine) (4 decks)

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