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History Of Medicine - GCSE > Renaissance 1500-1700 > Flashcards

Renaissance 1500-1700 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does renaissance translate to in English

A

rebirth

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2
Q

why was this time period called the renaissance

A

rebirth of ancient ideas and people began to challenge them

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3
Q

With the church being less influential in this time period, what kind of approach to medicine did people believe in

A

a scientific approach

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4
Q

Did people still believe in miasma

A

yes

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5
Q

what was the main theory of causation when an epidemic would occur

A

miasma

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6
Q

did people still believe in the four humours

A

yes

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7
Q

what century did people stop believing in the four humours

A

1700

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8
Q

As fewer people believed in astrology, what did doctors stop using to diagnose patients with

A

astrology charts

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9
Q

As knowledge of digestion improved, physicians realised that urine wasn’t a good indicator of disease so thy stopped using _______

A

urine charts

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10
Q

why did doctors stop using astrology charts

A

less people believed in astrology as a cause of disease

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11
Q

why did doctors stop using urine charts

A

a bigger knowledge of digestion suggested that urine didn’t indicate disease

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12
Q

What was Thomas Sydenham’s nickname

A

the English Hippocrates

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13
Q

why was Thomas Sydenham know as the ‘English Hippocrates’

A

he had a huge influence on doctors

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14
Q

what was Thomas Sydenham’s job and where did he work

A

doctor in London

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15
Q

When did Thomas Sydenham publish his book, Observationes Medicae

A

1676

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16
Q

what did Thomas Sydenham write about in his book

A

he outlined his theories and observations

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17
Q

What was Thomas Sydenham’s main belief

A

that you shouldn’t base all your practises based on Galen

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18
Q

What was the disease that Sydenham was first to describe

A

Scarlet Fever

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19
Q

who was the first person to describe scarlet fever

A

Thomas Sydenham

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20
Q

Sydenham was against purging and bloodletting, what did he urge patients to do to get better

A

eat a good roast dinner and drink half a bottle of wine to build their strength

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21
Q

why did Sydenham tell patients to drink wine

A

it would help grow their strength

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22
Q

What did Charles II set up in 1660

A

Royal society

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23
Q

who set up the Royal Society in 1660

A

Charles II

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24
Q

when was the Royal Society created

A

1660

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25
Q

What group was Sydenham included in in 1660

A

royal society

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26
Q

What was the role of the Royal Society

A

spread all the latest breakthroughs across Europe

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27
Q

What did the Royal Society do to promote their ideas

A

published books, organised talks and created laboratories

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28
Q

who invented the printing press

A

Gutenberg

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29
Q

when was the printing press invented

A

1439

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30
Q

what did the printing press allow

A

many copies of texts (books) to be made in a short amount of time

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31
Q

How did the printing press affect the power of the Church

A

the church didn’t have to approve the idea now and it could be published without their permission

32
Q

From 1665, the royal council invented the Philosophical Transactions, but what was it

A

scientists could share work allowing others to develop on the ideas which helped dismiss or confirm the ideas

33
Q

how did the royal council help scientists

A

they were funded and sponsored by the royal council

34
Q

In the medieval period, as well as treating patients, what else were hospitals used for

A

pilgrims and travellers to stay for the night

35
Q

In 1500, what were hospitals mainly used for

A

treating patients

36
Q

In 1536, Henry VIII released act of dissolution of lesser monasteries, but what else had shut down

A

many hospitals

37
Q

What was a pest house

A

a place where people suffering particular contagious diseases could go for treatment

38
Q

when hospitals were beginning to be re-built, who ran them

A

physicians

39
Q

Because physicians were still very expensive, who would look after an ill patient and where

A

a female relative at home

40
Q

How did people try and prevent miasma

A

through draining swamps and cleaning rubbish on streets

41
Q

What was the theory of transference

A

a theory which saw people rub objects on them as they believed that the object would take the disease from the patient

42
Q

Where did Vesalius study medicine

A

Paris University

43
Q

What type of people did Vesalius dissect on

A

dead criminals

44
Q

why did Vesalius dissect on dead criminals

A

they had a high heart rate

45
Q

How many bones did Galen say made up the breast bone

A

7

46
Q

how many bones did Vesalius say made up the breast bone

A

3

47
Q

how many bones did Vesalius say made up the Jawbone

A

1

48
Q

How many bones did Galen say made up the jawbone

A

3

49
Q

What group supplied the dead criminals bodies for Vesalius

A

Christian Brotherhood

50
Q

What did the Christian Brotherhood believe

A

that you couldn’t fully believe in god unless you followed him your whole life

51
Q

What was the name of Vesalius’ book

A

the fabric of the human body

52
Q

when did Vesalius publish his book, fabric of the human body

A

1543

53
Q

In Vesalius’ book, he exposes Galen of making over ___ mistakes

A

200

54
Q

How old was Vesalius when he created an anatomy school

A

24

55
Q

What did Vesalius create at the age of 24

A

an anatomy school

56
Q

After seeing the 200 mistakes made by Galen, the public began to ___________

A

challenge church

57
Q

What is secularism

A

separation of Religion and state

58
Q

When was the Great Plague

A

1665

59
Q

What was the most common idea of what caused the Great Plague

A

Miasma

60
Q

Name a common treatment during the Great Plague

A

Theory of Transference

61
Q

What happened to dogs and cats during the Great Plague

A

killed

62
Q

why were large gatherings such as theatres shut In the renaissance era

A

to stop the great plague spreading

63
Q

Why did plague doctors wear duck beaks

A

birds were believed to attract disease so hopefully the disease would travel onto the beak and be destroyed

64
Q

Where did Harvey study medicine

A

Cambridge University

65
Q

What king was William Harvey a doctor of

A

James I

66
Q

What was William Harvey’s job

A

an Anatomist

67
Q

What did William Harvey dissect on

A

live animals and dead bodies

68
Q

What did Harvey state about blood circulation

A

it circulated the body like a machine

69
Q

Why did people stop seeing Harvey as a doctor

A

he was a madman

70
Q

How many ounces of blood would Harvey take from his patients

A

6-10

71
Q

What was the name of Harvey’s book

A

an anatomical motion of the heart and body

72
Q

when did Harvey publish his book

A

1628

73
Q

how many years after publish was Harvey’s book read in Paris University

A

about 50

74
Q

What did Harvey prove about the heart

A

it was a pump

75
Q

what did Harvey prove about veins

A

they carry blood and not air like galen said

76
Q

Who proved that the 4 humours were wrong

A

Harvey

77
Q

what was the significance of Harvey proving the 4 humours wrong

A

others could find other solutions to medicine

History Of Medicine - GCSE (5 decks)

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