renaissance Flashcards
the emergence of renaissance
- A style of architecture, which emerged in Italy in the early 15th century
- Replaced gothic style
- Return to classic forms and principles of ancient Roman and Greek architecture
- Means “rebirth” in French
- Emphasized the value of human
design of renaissance buildings
- Return to classic forms and principles of ancient Roman and Greek architecture
- Emphasized symmetry, geometry and proportions based on mathematical ratios
- Use of classical orders doric, ionic, and Corinthian
- Use of domes, inspired by the Pantheon in Rome
- Columns and pilasters used structurally and decoratively
- Frescoes, sculptures and reliefs were integrated
role of humanism of building design
- Buildings designed with a human scale in mind
- Columns, pilasters and doorways were proportioned to relate to the human figure
- Buildings that were visually pleasing and intellectually satisfying
- Integration of art in architecture, featuring frescoes and sculptures in their buildings
- Use of linear perspective to create the illusion of depth and three-dimensionality
invention of perspective
- A technique that allows the creation of the illusion of depth and three-dimensionality on a two-dimensional surfaces
- It was revolutionary
- Filippo Brunelleschi is credited with the invention of linear perspective
- Artworks became more immersive and lifelike
goals and aspirations of renaissance
- Revival of art and culture of antiquity especially Roman and Greek.
- Humanism emphasizes the value and potential of the individual
- Aimed to create works of unparalleled beauty, realism, and emotional depth using perspective
- Flourishing of Renaissance art, literature, and music
- Aspired to create well-organized and aesthetically pleasing cities
art
FROM MEDIEVAL TO RENAISSANCE ART:
* Renaissance introduced a greater emphasis on naturalism and realism
* Depict the world realistically
* Play with light and shadow
* Invention of perspective
* A focus on human proportions
* Medieval art was mostly focused on religious themes, while Renaissance explored many subjects
WHAT MAKES IT UNIQUE
* Characterized by human-centered perspective
* Use of linear perspective and play of lights and shadows
* A sense of balance, symmetry and harmony
painting and sculpture
PAINTING:
* A focus on naturalism and realism
* Attention to anatomy, perspective, and light to create more lifelike representations
* Development of linear perspective
* Use of oil in painting to achieve color intensity, detail and depth
* Three-dimensional forms to create lifelike figures
SCULPTURE:
* Depict the human figure with accuracy
* Included both freestanding sculptures and relief sculptures
“PRIMAVERA”- BOTICELLI
* Allegorical painting
* Conveys symbolic messages
* A group of mythical figures arranged in a lush garden
* Central figure is Venus
* Use of linear perspective
“BIRTH OF VENUS”-BOTICELLI
* The birth of the goddess Venus
* Venus standing on a shell
* Emphasizes her beauty and sensuality
* Use of linear perspective
* Represents the classical ideals of beauty, love and power of nature
“THE HOLY TRINITY”- MASACCIO
* Depicts the Christian doctrine of the holy trinity
* Use of linear perspective
* Rich in Christian symbolism
* Use of realistic anatomy and proportions
SCULPTURE OF “DAVID”
1. MICHELANGELO’S
* Portrays the biblical hero David
* Known for its detail, anatomical accuracy and the portrayal of David in a moment of battle
* Symbol of triumph and intelligence over force and tyranny
2. DONATELLO’S
* Contrapposto pose
* Portrays David as a young boy
* Inspiration from classical and ancient art
* Elongated proportions
3. ANDREA DEL VERROCIO’S DAVID
* Portrays him as a young boy
* Dynamic and action-oriented pose
* Realistic body proportions
* Lies the head of the Goliath
architectural features
CLASSICAL ORDERS:
* Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders
* Were both structural and decorative
ROUNDED ARCHES:
* Replaced pointed arches of Gothic architecture
* Arcades were very popular
CENTRALIZED PLANS:
* Buildings adapted centralized floor plans
* In the form of a Greek cross
* Or centralized dome
DOMES:
* Inspired by Roman architecture
* Famous example is the dome of the Florence Cathedral
* Became a hallmark of Renaissance
RUSTICATION:
* Use of rough-hewn stone on lower levels of buildings
* Provided a contrast in texture with the smoother upper levels
architects
FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI
* Designed FLORENCE CATHEDRAL, THE FOUNDLING HOSPITAL and PAZZI CHAPEL
* Known for his dome design for the Florence cathedral
* Discovered principles of linear perspective
DONATO BRAMANTE
* Designed TEMPIETTO and ST. PETER’S BASILICA
* Known for his classical and harmonious designs
* Introduced spatial concepts such as centralized church plans
MICHELOZZO DI BARTOLOMEO
LEON BATISSTA ALBERTI
significance of dome
- A revival of classical architecture
- A symbol of spiritual and cultural aspirations
FLORENCE CATHEDRAL
ST. PETER’S BASILICA
TEMPIETTO
