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ORTHO > Removable Appliances > Flashcards

Removable Appliances Flashcards

1
Q

What are advantages of removable appliances?

A 
Easy cleaning 
Allow for good anchorage- resist unwanted tooth movement 
Can move blocks of teeth
Cheap
Less chair side time
Easy to adjust
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2
Q

What are the disadvantages of removable appliances?

A 
Dependant of patient cooperation
Allow for tipping movements only
Speech may be affected
Retention can be hard to achieve
Lower RA can be harder for patient to tolerate
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3
Q

What tooth movement can be achieved from RAs

A 
Tipping
Space maintenance
Bite opening
Bite opening
Correction of cross bite
Single tooth movements
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4
Q

What are the main components of RA

A

Base plate- made of acrylic
Activation
Retention
Anchorage

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5
Q

What materials are there within removable appliances?

A

Stainless steel 18:8 chromium:nickel
Acrylic- polymerising polymethyle methacrylate
Elgiloy- heat treated to increase strength to equivelant of stainless steel

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6
Q

What stages are there to to construction of RAs

A 
Clinical examination
Radiographic examination
Imps and wax bite
Design
Decon- lab
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7
Q

What is the function of the base plate?

A

Hold components together
Provides anchorage
Bite planes can be added
Bulk should be minimised re. Comfort

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8
Q

What is the purpose of anterior bite planes?

A

Reduction of overbite

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9
Q

What is the purpose of posterior bite planes?

A

Eliminates cross bite

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10
Q

What components make up activation?

A

Springs, screws, bows

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11
Q

What is force of the springs dependant on?

A

Length of wire
Radius/ diameter of wire
Elastic modulus- stiffness of wire

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12
Q

What is the equation related to force?

A

F= E. d. r4/l3

E= stiffness of wire
d = deflection of wire
r= radius of wire
l= length of spring
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13
Q

What effect to force does increasing the length of the wire?

A

Lighter forces are exerted

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14
Q

How can length of wire be increased while being allowed to be accommodated by the size of mouth?

A

Coils can be added

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15
Q

What effect to force does doubling the diameter or wire have? X16

A

Increase in force

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16
Q

What effect to force does doubling the length of wire? X8

A

Reduction in force

17
Q

How does tooth move in relation to point of contact with the tooth?

A

Tooth moves perpendicular to point of contact

18
Q

How much activation does a 0.5 mm wire spring need?

A

3mm

19
Q

How much activation does a 0.7mm wire need?

A

1mm

20
Q

What movements do palatal springs allow for?

A

Mesio distal and buccal movements

21
Q

What is the guard wires function?

A

Prevent palatal springs coming too far away from base plate

22
Q

Describe buccal canine retractors?

A

Can move bucally placed canines palatal lay as well as distally
Activated by winding coil or adjusting anterior arm

23
Q

Describe z springs and their function

A

0.5mm stainless steel
Spring perpendicular to palatal surface
Activated- spring pulled 1-2 mm away from base plate
45 degrees in direction of desired movement

24
Q

Describe T springs and their function

A

0.5mm stainless steel
Used to move teeth buccally
Often used for canines and premolars
Activation- pull spring away from base plate at 45 degrees

25
Q

Describe bows and their function

A

Can be active or passive

Active- facilitates retraction of proclined incisors( Roberts retractor)

26
Q

Describe screws and their function

A

Move teeth labio- lingually
Transmit force via acrylic contacting teeth
Transverse expansion
Turn 1-2x weekly

27
Q

Describe means of retention

A

Minimum of 3 components
Adams clasp and cribs- engage undercuts at Mesial and distal
Southend clasps- engage undercuts interproximally
Labial bows- anterior retention

28
Q

What is anchorage and how is it provided?

A

Resistance to unwanted tooth movements
Force created as reaction to active component
Provided by other teeth
Provided by base plate

29
Q

How can anchorage be increased?

A

Clasping more teeth
Using lighter forces
Moving only one or two teeth at a time

30
Q

What equipment is required for fitting RA

A 
Adams pliers 64s
Spring forming pliers 65s
Marker
Ruler
Acrylic trimmer
31
Q

What problems are there with removable appliances?

A 
Breakages
Patient compliance
Can become loose fitting 
Palatal inflammation re. Poor oh due to stagnation areas created 
Fungal infections of the palate
32
Q

How are forces applied via removable appliances?

A

Springs
Screws
Bows

ORTHO (9 decks)

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