Religon And Social Change

Question 1

Religion as a conservative force - against change

Answer 1

Conservative beliefs about divorce, abortion and artificial contraception.
Uphold ‘family values’
Conservative functions- conserve or preserve things for social stability
Consensus- maintain social stability.
Eg religion and capitalism- prevent social change and disguises inequality
Patriarchy - patriarchal power and womens subordination

Question 2

Religion as a force for change

Answer 2

Calvinism brought about modern day capitalism.
Eg beliefs of abstinence, vocation and divine transcendence.
Allowed them to earn money and live luxury life

Question 3

Religion and social protest

Answer 3

American civil rights movement- the black clergy were the backbone of the movement, gave meeting places and allowed the movement to continue. Well equipped to support protests and contribute to change. Eg taking moral high ground.

NCR - want to return to conservative beliefs- abortion and divorce illegal. Never been successful as ever had more than 15% population to support it

Question 4

Marxism, religion and change

Answer 4

Religion has dual character - force for change and stability

Question 5

Bloch- the principle of hope
Liberation Theology

Answer 5

Dual character- inhibits change and inspires rebellion. Dreams of a better life create a vision of a better world in which we strive for social change.
LT- Strong commitment to the poor. Grew due to the growth of rural poverty and urban slums.
Played an important part in resisting dictatorship and bringing about democracy

Question 6

Millenarian movements

Answer 6

Change things here and now, transformation of the world by supernatural means
Appeal to the poor because of immediate improvement.
Study- cargo cults

Question 7

Gramsci- religion and hegemony

Answer 7

Ruling class maintain control over society through ideas.
Use religion to maintain control.
Sometimes religion can challenge ruling class through organic intellectuals