religious ideas and reform

Question 1

diff between renaissnce ideas in h7 and h8

Answer 1

floruished more in elite groups in h8 -
- h8 encouraged thinkers such as More and Erasmus
- universisties had humanist influences on their curriculum
- saw himself as a promoter of new ideas and humanism

Question 2

who assisted henry in church reform from 32-40

Answer 2

archbishop cramner and thomas cromwell

Question 3

what was the major church reform between 1532-40

Answer 3

• break from papacy
• estb henry as supreme head of church
• dissolved monasteries
• alterred church doctrine and practices

Question 4

corruption in the church (2)

Answer 4

plurality - recieving profits from more than one post

non-residence - recieveing profits from a post but not being present to perform duties

wolsey was THAT corrupt bitch
crown used church offices as a way of rewarding officials who were clergymen

Question 5

Define and explain anti clericalism (2)

Answer 5

opposition to political and social importance of the clergy
- weakness of the church (lawyers had objected to its influence)
- clerical misconduct that recieved lots of criticism - Richard Hunne’s murder that had been made to look like a suicide - merchant who had tried to use English law to challenge churches authority

Question 6

how were the monasteries already dissolving in the 1520s

Answer 6

Wolsey dissolved 20 to fund the estb of Cardinal College Oxford

Question 7

why do some historians argue that monasteries had changed in direction by the 1520s

Answer 7

larger monasteries had become similar to businesses with huge resources (land and buildings)

makes sense why they dissolved so speedily

Question 8

some historians argue that many reformists started shaping royal policy from 1529 but how can this be evaluated

Answer 8

two of the most influential men were against reform so much that they died due to it
- sir Thomas more
- bishop fisher

Question 9

what were 3 major changes to the churches structure

Answer 9

• Henry as supreme head
• Cromwell was appointed by Henry to be second to the king - outranked arch bishops and gave him considerable power to the church (vice-regent in spirituals)
• six new dioceses created (areas under the jurisdiction of a bishop) to improve church administration

Question 10

what did Henry appoint Cromwell as and when

Answer 10

1534 as Vice regent in spirituals which meant he outranked archbishop Cramner and was most important man in church besides Henry

Question 11

what Began the disillusionment of the monasteries

Answer 11

Cramners 1535 survey that discovered how wealthy they were !!

Question 12

what were the 7 stages that led to the disillusionment of the monasteries

Answer 12

• 1535 crammers survey on their wealth
• amassing evidence on why they were corrupt and weak to justify plundering them
• enough evidence for 1536 parliament act to dissolve the smaller ones (£200 income or less)
• they made it come across as a mechanism for preserving them and improving quality
• scope widened after pilgrimage of grace due to the heads surrendering to crown
• act to dissolve all by 1539
• all gone by 1540

Question 13

when were all monasteries dissolved by

Answer 13

1540 - a year after the act allowed all of them to be dissolved

Question 14

what were the two acts that dissolved the monasteries

Answer 14

1536 act to dissolve smaller ones with income of £200 or less

1539 to dissolve remaining ones

Question 15

4 key dates for attack on traditional religious practices

(injunctions etc)

Answer 15

1536 set of royal injunctions

1538 second set of royal injunctions

1539 first edition of great bible

1543 act for advancement of true religion( so only upper class men could read it)

Question 16

what did the 1536 injunctions do

Answer 16

encouraged more moral conduct

place a restriction on number of holy days and discouraged pilgrimages

Question 17

what did the 1538 injunctions do

Answer 17

condemned pilgrimages and veneration of relics and images forced the clergy who had upheld it to recant

veneration means reverence of a religious object

each parish church to acquire English bible

Question 18

what did the first English bible have Henry doing

Answer 18

title page offering the word of god to Cramer and the bishops and Cromwell and the politicians

Question 19

why did Henry restrict access to the English bible to only upper class men with the 1543 act for the advancement of true religion

Answer 19

because social control was loosening
- increasing deviance and different opinions

Question 20

what were the four key dates of changes to doctrine

doctrine that changed sacraments etc

Answer 20

1536 ten articles
1537 bishops book
1539 six articles
1543 kings book which was a revised bishops book

Question 21

1536 ten articles

Answer 21

only 4 sacraments necessrary
ambiguous document that had eucharist as ambiguous and catholic confession praised

Question 22

bishops book (when and what)

Answer 22

1537
restored four sacraments but they still had a lower status
- more conservative doc than ten articles a year earlier

Question 23

when and what were the six articles and two impacts

Answer 23

1539
reasserted catholic doctrine and to deny transubstantiation was heretical

• triumph for conservatives who thought there had been to much change
• two reforming bishops reigned their posts