foreign policy 1514-26 Flashcards
who does Henry have his sister Mary marry and why is this a failure
King Louis XII of France
- he dies a year later (suspiciously)
- she immediately remarries so cannot be used for another alliance
- his young son Francis is now in power
when does Mary marry King Louis XII
1514
4 key points about foreign policy in 1514-26
- England remained a minor power that could not compete
- Henry over estimated power and left it to Wolsey to figure out
- Auld Alliance remained strong
- ran out of money by 1514 so couldn’t be too aggressive
why was there peace with France and Scotland in 1514
no money!
when did Charles become king of Spain and then HRE
1516
1519
dominant ruler in Europe !! so fit
what two treaties left England isolated
treaty of Noyon 1516 and treaty of Cambria 1517
explain treaty of Noyon
1516
This was the peace treaty between Spain and France
explain treaty of Cambrai
1517
This was peace between the holy Roman Empire and France
how did Wolsey solve England isolation in 1518
treaty of London 1518!!
significance of Duke of Albany 1517
Was a French noble who was heir presumptive to the Scottish throne and a source of worry for Wolsey and Henry
- divisions in Scottish nobility minimised threat but Henry was still incapable of exploiting weakness of Scotland (money)
who was the French noble that was heir presumptive to Scottish throne
duke of Albany
overview of Treaty of London and when it was
1518
This was peace between England and France Spain holy Roman Empire understatements
- prompted by pope Leo X who wanted a united front against ottoman turks
- became treaty of perpetual peace
- made Wolsey papal legate
Field of the Cloth of Gold 1520
This is a festival in which England and France displayed the peace between each other however it achieved little diplomatically
- over course of 2 weeks
- defeated by francis at wrestling
- 15k
- not long after sided with Charles in conflict
What did Francis do because he was concerned with growing power of Charles
continued friendship with Henry
- promised to get Albany out of Scotland
- paid pension to English to get Tournai back
why did Henry side with Charles not francis in conflict in 1522
- wanted to improve relationship with pope who wanted to reduce French control in Italy
- thought he’d gain more territory in France
- marriage alliance with emperor and Mary
what was Treaty of Bruges 1521
This was between wolsey and Charles VQ with greed to go to war together against France, this was kept secret and also, there was an engagement of Charles and Mary
when did English armies invade France was it a success
1522 and 1523
- costly
- little gain
battle of pavia when and what and what happened after
1525
Charles against France
- francis was captured
- Henry tried to benefit from this - suggested to Charles a joint invasion of north France to gain territory
- Charles didn’t agree because Henry contributed very little to the war
amicable grant crisis and when and what
1525
This was Wolseys fundraising idea which then failed and lead to rebellions in England
consequences of Charles denying a joint invasion
- humiliation !! he had to back down
- resentment to Charles reinforced when he repudiated marriage to daughter Mary
- Wolsey never recovered especially after amicable grant too
why did Henry want to ally with France after 1525
anglo-imperial relationship damaged
Henry supports the League of Cognac 1526
what is this
pope forms a league against Holy Roman Empire and Charles’ excessive power , England had his support and Wolsey played as a peace negotiator
supporting French
why was supporting France not Charles, a poor judgement
kings great matter - marked beginning of Wolseys fall too
successes of foreign policy in 1514-26 (4)
- treaty of London 1518 ends isolation
- alliance with France (only due to fear of Charles but still)
- field of cloth and gold
- league of cognac
failures of foreign policy in 1514-26 (6)
- Mary marries Louis but he dies then francis on the throne
- ran out of money by 1514
- treaty of cambrai and Noyon- English isolation
- field of cloth and gold
- battle of pavia humiliation 1525
- no longer allied with Charles - great matter issue
