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Philosophy > Religious Experience > Flashcards

Religious Experience Flashcards

1
Q

Peterson et al

A

“Person has or believes they have had an encounter with God”

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2
Q

REs are

A

Revelations

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3
Q

Corporate

A

Group, church, Makkah, pilgrimage

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4
Q

St Teresa of Avila

A

Had malaria, hallucinations, felt God was there, ineffable, passive, noetic, transient

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5
Q

Swinburne’s principle of…

A

Credulity: testimonies should be taken at face value

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6
Q

St Bernadette

A

Saw Mary the “immaculate conception” on multiple occasions, healing water in Lourdes

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7
Q

Against St Bernadette

A

Brought comfort to her poor community

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8
Q

Swinburne’s categorisation

A

Private, Corporate, Mysticism, Conversion, Visions

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9
Q

Saul -> St Paul

A

Was a prosecutor of Christians - On the road to Damascus Christ presented himself to him

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10
Q

William James was a

A

Psychologist

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11
Q

WJ wrote

A

The Varieties of Religious Experience

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12
Q

WJ believed that RE was se___ ________

A

RE was self authenticating

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13
Q

WJ believed that RE is ______ even if ________

A

The experience is solitary even if corporate

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14
Q

WJ believed that RE was not ______ ____ but ________

A

RE was not logical proof but evidence of God

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15
Q

WJ was not concerned about

A

Proving/disproving religion or God - just the psychological effects of RE

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16
Q

WJ 4

A

INEFFABILITY, NOETIC, TRANSIENCY, PASSIVE

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17
Q

Ineffability

A

Cannot explain w words

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18
Q

Noetic

A

Revelation about God

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19
Q

Transiency

A

Temporary event, long term effects

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20
Q

Passive

A

No control over the experience

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21
Q

WJ conclusion 1 if the ____ are ______ there must be a ______ cause and therefore God is ______ real to _____ ______

A

If the effects are real - there must be a real cause - therefore God is real to these individuals

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22
Q

WJ conclusion 2 only the ____ and ____ have ____ effects, as ____ has ______ effects - therefore ____ is _____ and ____ to these _____ because he has _____ effects

A

Only the real and true have positive effects, as falsity has negative effects - therefore God is real to these individuals and true because he has positive effects

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23
Q

Arguments against WJ - Santa

A

If kids believe in Santa and behave well as an effect of Santa that does not mean that Santa is real

24
Q

Mystical Experience

A

Experience of something transcendent

25
Q

Mysticism

A

Direct knowledge of God

26
Q

FC Happold’s types of mysticism

A

Love and Union, Knowledge and Understanding

27
Q

FC Happold’s aspects of his types

A

Soul, Nature, God

28
Q

Criticism of RE - Psychological

A

Hallucinations, illusions, perception errors (NOT DRUGS)

29
Q

Freud + Feuerbach

A

Believed that RE has negative effects such as living with a false perception of reality

30
Q

WJ counter argument

A

RE has positive effects

31
Q

Myers believed

A

(Psychological) prayer is a vital component of psychological wellbeing

32
Q

Feuerbach, religion is an i____, f____

A

Religion is an illusion, fiction

33
Q

Feuerbach belief 2 alientaion

A

Religion bc ppl feel alienated in their own lives - therefore project wishes onto God

34
Q

Feuerbach belief 3 potential

A

Ppl not need religion if reached full potential

35
Q

Feuerbach 4 evolve

A

Society will evolve - religion will disappear

36
Q

Feuerbach 5 human mind

A

God is an invention of the human mind

37
Q

Freud belief 1 comfort

A

Religion is a psychological phenomenon to comfort harsh relaities

38
Q

Freud belief 2 o______ n____

A

Religion is obsessional neurosis

Neurosis - not based on fact

39
Q

Freud belief 3 neuroses ____

A

neuroses is repressed traumas

40
Q

Freud belief 4 parents

A

God is to replace parents when smn gets older

41
Q

Criticism of RE - Physiological

A

Tiredness, illness, depression, fatigue, dehydration, lack of vitamin B12 = hallucinations

42
Q

Delirium tremens

A

Alcohol withdrawal: Hallucinations, paranoia, visions, traces

43
Q

Alston

A

Our senses are generally “reliable” - should not be too dismissive

44
Q

Strengths of RE

A

Individual knows, common, consistent in relocation, not usually mentally ill ppl, intelligent and rational ppl

45
Q

Weaknesses of RE

A

Drugs, individual only, God is portrayed differently, spontaneous, non physically

46
Q

Toronto Blessing

A

Mass hysteria

47
Q

William Blake vs St Teresa

A

William as a child would see God’s face - in his poem The Tyler - described God as chaotic and destructive as well as nurturing - Teresa would see God as ineffable, divine, beautiful

48
Q

Criticisms of WJ

A

Subjective definition, cannot empirically prove RE, individual experience - not looking at bigger pic of God’s existence, change in behaviour not equ God’s existence

49
Q

Russell

A

“The fact that a belief has a good moral effect on a man is no evidence in favour of its truth”

50
Q

Flew

A

A series of weak arguments =/ a strong argument

51
Q

Mackie

A

Ppl unintentionally mislead / exaggerate accounts

52
Q

WJ had a ____ approach

A

Pragmatic, practical

53
Q

Mysticism

A

Direct knowledge of God, spiritual truth, ultimate reality, revelation. Can be subjective and personal

54
Q

Mystical experience

A

Experience of something transcendent, beyond ‘moral’ awareness

55
Q

Myers

A

Prayer is vital for the psychological wellbeing of

Philosophy (4 decks)

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