Augustine - Human Nature Flashcards
What is the definition of celibacy?
The state of abstaining from marriage and sexual relations
Celibacy is often associated with religious vows.
What is the significance of ‘Massa damnata’ in relation to original sin?
‘Massa damnata’ refers to the idea that all humanity is condemned due to original sin
This concept suggests that humanity is collectively in a state of sin from birth.
Define Cupiditas and Caritas.
- Cupiditas: love fixated on worldly things, selfishness
- Caritas: agape, divine love
What does concupiscence refer to?
Bodily desires overthrowing reason
Concupiscence leads individuals away from God and towards instant gratification.
True or False: Augustine believed that humans are hardwired to make the right choices.
False
Augustine argued that humans are inclined to make wrong choices due to concupiscence.
What does Augustine’s concept of grace represent?
An undeserved gift from God - salvation
Grace contrasts earthly love (Cupiditas) with heavenly love (Caritas).
What is the meaning of predestination in Augustine’s theology?
God has always chosen who will be saved
This concept raises questions about free will and moral responsibility.
Who was Pelagius and what was his criticism of Augustine’s views?
Pelagius was Augustine’s contemporary who argued that predestination makes God’s judgment unjust
He believed that it is unfair for God to punish people for sins they could not avoid.
Fill in the blank: Augustine believed that grace is a _______.
gift
What does Augustine argue about the nature of punishment for sin?
Punishment is just for sinful beings; original sin is a consequence
He posited that God’s judgment is inscrutable and just.
What is the ‘City of God’ according to Augustine?
The ultimate goal for humanity, breaking free from sin
It represents hope and purpose amidst chaos.
What is Rousseau’s view on human nature?
Humans are good but corrupted by society
He believed that societal influences distort innate human goodness.
According to Locke, what is the concept of ‘tabula rasa’?
The idea that humans are born as a blank slate
Humans’ experiences shape their character and morality.
What does MLK mean by ‘the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends towards justice’?
It suggests that despite challenges, justice will ultimately prevail over time
This reflects a belief in social progress.
What was the implication of Augustine’s thoughts in the 21st century?
Political polarization and social unrest
His ideas continue to influence contemporary discussions on morality and society.
