religious change under Northumberland

Question 1

Cranmer’s ordinals

Answer 1

Jan 1550

revised procedures for ordinating priests

Question 2

reaction to Cranmer’s ordinals

Answer 2

Hooper imprisoned for failing to preach

satisfied moderate reformers but not the more extreme

Question 3

removal of alters for communion tables success?

Answer 3

the destruction of alters outside London proceeded unevenly

depended on attitudes of the ruling elites and clergy

Question 4

significance of alter removal

Answer 4

not very significant change as mostly focused in London. Other places didn’t really reform

Question 5

repeal of conservative clergy

Answer 5

1549

conservative clergy removed

Question 6

conservative clergy removed

Answer 6

gave the reformists the majority of the bishops

Question 7

significance of conservative clergy

Answer 7

a full reform now started and revised procedures made it hard for any catholics to gain precedence

Question 8

treason act

Answer 8

catholics could no longer practise their beliefs legally

catholic laity and clergy were deprived of their leaders so little opposition

Question 9

reaction to second prayer book

Answer 9

extreme reformists didn’t approve because communicants were still expected to kneel and this was considered idolatrous

Question 10

second act of uniformity

Answer 10

the people had to attend church, could be fined or imprisoned

people not happy - Edward died before it could be enforced

Question 11

42 articles

Answer 11

only enthusiasm in London and surrounding counties

Question 12

how protestant was England by 1553

Answer 12

legally, very protestant due to reforms

however, in reality only London and the south east complied

the reforms weren’t very successful as Edward died before they could be enforced and it was he who drove the change

Question 13

northumberland’s beliefs

Answer 13

his re-conversion to catholicism before his execution in 1553 lead some historians to believe that he wasn’t a genuine reformer

Question 14

attacks on the churches wealth

Answer 14

in 1552 there was a survey of the wealth of bishops, however, Edward died before any confiscation could start

Question 15

people of England

Answer 15

there is equal agreement that there is insufficient evidence at present to decide whether the people of England had embraced the protestant religion

Question 16

leading elites

Answer 16

most seemed to favour moderate Protestantism, only a few did not find it possible to conform under Mary

Question 17

acceptance of Protestantism

Answer 17

it is considered that Protestantism, if not widely opposed, received only luke warm acceptance

Question 18

successful introduction of Protestantism

Answer 18

there was a lack of good preachers

many conformed in public and continued private Catholic worship

some opposition - Western Rebellion

Question 19

new Treason Act 1552

Answer 19

made it an offence to question Royal Supremacy or articles of faith in Church

Question 20

it was planned to seize

Answer 20

all artefacts made of metal and precious metal to melt down and sell, but Edward’s death brought a halt to the process

Question 21

still unclear:

Answer 21

purgatory still unclear, worship of saints discouraged but not banned, holy days remained and transubstantiation remained

Question 22

the spread of Protestantism

Answer 22

was made difficult, by the lack of good preachers