Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

z Tudors : HVIII > Religious change > Flashcards

Religious change Flashcards

1
Q

How were renaissance ideas present ?

A
  • HVIII encouraged More and Erasmus and some of his cultural patronage
  • Commissioned effegies on his parents tombs from Italy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How did Wolsey support humanism ?

A
  • Founded a college in his home town of Ipswich
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How was humanism seen in Education ?

A
  • Colet refounded St Paul’s school

- Magdalen college Oxford adopted Platonism educational principles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why did renaissance ideas gain influence under HVIII ?

A
  • Knowledge of classical learning increased amongst elite groups
  • A growing number of schools became influenced by humanist approaches to education
  • HVIII saw himself as a promoter of new ideas and humanism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What were the largest weaknesses of the Church before the reformation ?

A
  1. Corruption
  2. Anticlericalism
  3. Decline of monasticism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  1. Corruption
A
  • Examples of pluralism, simony (purchase of a church office) and non residence (receiving the profits but not doing the duties associated with it) and corruption
  • Prime example is Cardinal Wolsey
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  1. Anticlericalism
A
  • Some common lawyers objected to the influence of canon law and there were objections to the legal privileges of the church
  • Clerical misconduct eg Richards Hunne murder 1514 in suspicious circumstances
  • 1529 supplication of the beggars was an attack dedicated to HVIII on aspects of the Catholic Church
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  1. Decline of monasticism
A
  • Precedent for dissolving ministries already existed by the 1530’s
  • 1520’s Wolsey saw the dissolution of 20 houses to fund a college in Oxford
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Evidence against the decline of monasticism

A
  • Franciscans and Bridgettines flourished up to the day of the dissolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Evidence of early protestantism

A
  • From 1517 Martin Luther’s attack on the Catholic church but limited influence
  • 1520’ some evidence of German reformers in East coast Ports and a nucleus of future reformers in Cambridge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Evidence of humanists influence over HVIII ?

A
  • Katherine Parr had a humanist education and was a patron of arts and literature
  • Humanist Cheke tutored Edward and Ascham Elizabeth
  • Cranmer continued to enjoy the Kings support
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who went along with reforms in order to save their lives ?

A
  • Bishops Gardiner and Tunstall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What changes were made to the Church structure ?

A
  • King became Supreme head of the Church (1534 Act of Supremacy)
  • Cromwell was appoint vicegerent in spirituals (1534), ranked only second to the King but this post died with him
  • 6 new dioceses were created but one was soon abolished
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How were there no changes to the churches structure ?

A
  • Spiritual jurisdiction continued in the hands of bishops

- Hierarchy remained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What were the 3 acts for dissolution ?

A
  • 1536 : Dissolution of smaller monasteries (argued standards had slipped in these)
  • Scope widened following the pilgrimage of Grace
  • 1539 : Dissolution for the remaining monasteries
  • 1540 : All religious houses dissolved
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When was the valor Ecclesiasticus completed and what was it ?

A
  • 1535

- Set up by Crowell to discover the wealth of the Church to give an indication of the wealth the crown could plunder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When was the first set of royal injunctions and what were they ?

A
  • 1536
  • Restriction on holy days and discouraged pilgrimage
  • Change away from Catholic doctrine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When were the second set of royal injunctions ?

A
  • 1538
  • Pilgrimages and veneration of relics and images were condemned as ‘works devised by men’s fantasies’
  • clergy who upheld the virtue of pilgrimages were recant
  • Radical
  • Required each parish church to acquire an English bible for everyone to read (more protestant)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was the first edition of the Great bible and when was it published ?

A
  • 1539

- Had HVIII on the title page

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What was the Act for the advancement of true religion ?

A
  • 1543

- Restricted the reading go the Great bible to upper class males (More Catholic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is doctrine ?

A
  • A set of beliefs held and taught by the church
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What changes to doctrine were evident under HVIII ?

A
  • Protestant belief eg justification by faith and consubstantiation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Evidence that on the eve of the reformation there was little/no need for reform ?

A
  • 1520-9 : 57% of people in Devon left money to guilds
  • Intercessions still attracted support
  • Most accepted the Pope’s power
  • High levels of attendance at Mass
24
Q

Evidence that on the eve of the reformation, there was significant need for reform

A
  • Post 1534 : no loyalty to the Pope

- Elements of hostility in the South East

25
Q

religious motivations for the dissolution of the monasteries

A
  • Cisterian Abbey of Hailes commissioners declared what was thought to be the blood of christ as honey
  • Commissioners produced the ‘Black book’ which was read to parliament in 1536 (2/3 of monasteries were filled with abdominal living)
  • Monasteries were loyal to the Pope so it was the only way of preventing a monastic rebellion
26
Q

Financial motivations for the dissolution of the monasteries

A
  • Break with Rome meant relations with France deteriorated and England lost the French pension so needed to prepare a War Chest
  • In Germany the princes has appropriated much Church property
  • Monasteries owned 1/10 of all land and had a revenue 10x that of HVIII
  • ## Cromwell promised to make HVIII the “richest King in Christendom” in the Chapuys
27
Q

Political motivations for the dissolution of the monasteries

A
  • Sale of monastic lands would ties purchasers to the new order (fears of the restoration of the pope taking their land)
  • HVIII wanted an imperial Kingship + ties to Rome would prevent that
  • Cromwell learnt from Wolsey in appropriating ecclesiastical property (who had dissolved 29 religious houses)
  • Nationalistic feeling didn’t sit well with institutions whose loyalties laid with Rome
28
Q

Social motivations for the break with Rome

A
  • First poor law (1535) meant charitable roles of monasteries was less important
  • Humanism preferred a life of active involvement
29
Q

What is practice ?

A
  • The actual practical element of doing or practicing something eg Mass, penance (confessions) and benefactors leaving money to churches
30
Q

Examples of doctrine

A
  • Transubstantiation (Catholic), consubstantiation (Protestant) and the 7 sacraments (Catholic)
31
Q

How many monasteries were there before 1529 ?

A
  • 900
32
Q

What was the relationship to the church before the reformation ?

A
  • Erastian (state has more authority over matters not concerning the church)
  • Hierarchy = Pope, Archbishops, Bishops and the clergy (monks, priests and nuns)
33
Q

Evidence of a move towards catholicism in 1530 ?

A
  • Tyndale’s vernacular bible was burn in 1530 (attack on heresy against catholicism)
34
Q

What happened with regards to praemunire ?

A
  • Dec 1530 : Clergy accused of praemunire (attacked power of ecclesiastical courts)
  • Feb 1531 : Pardoned (£119,000 paid to HVIII)
35
Q

How did the Church attempt to appease HVIII initially ?

A
  • Convocation of Canterbury (1531) recognised HVIII as the head of the church so far as the law of christ allows
36
Q

What protestant reforms happened in 1532 ? (3)

A
  1. Fist act of annates (banned the payment of annates to Rome)
  2. Supplication of the ordinances (Church were to enact no law with royal permission and existing law to be examined by a commissioner)
  3. Submission of the clergy (Accepted the King as the lawmaker not the Pope)
37
Q

Protestant reforms 1533 ? (1)

A
  • Act in restraint of appeals to Rome based on Satis Copiosa which transferred papal powers to the King (Rome had no power to rule over matrimonial cases)
38
Q

Protestant reform in 1534 ? (7 acts)

A
  1. Second act of annates (confirmed the first one)
  2. Act to stop Peter’s pence (Abolished payment of taxation to Rome)
  3. Act for submission of the clergy (Appeals in ecclesiastical matter to be handled in HVIII’s court not the Archbishops court)
  4. Fist act of succession (Marriage to COA declared void and marriage to Anne Boleyn was confirmed)
  5. Act of supremacy (confirmed HVIII as head of the Church)
  6. Treason Act (treason could be word as well as deed + listed treasonable crimes)
  7. Act for first fruit and tenths (Taxes were to go to the King not the Pope)
39
Q

Evidence of HVIII’s lack of toleration for religious diversity ?

A
  • 1534 execution of the Holy maid of Kent
40
Q

What happened in 1535 ?

A
  • Cromwell made vicegerent in spirituals
  • The valor Ecclesiasticus was commissioned to see the wealth of the Church
  • Execution of Carthusain monks, Thomas More and Bishop Fisher (opposition to break Rome was quashed)
41
Q

Protestant reform in 1536 (4 events)

A
  1. Act for dissolution of lesser monasteries
  2. Anne Boleyn beheaded and HVIII married Jane Seymour the next day
  3. Act of ten articles (7 sacraments of catholic doctrine were rejected leaving only a belief in 3 which was a clear move to protestantism)
  4. Royal injunctions issued (Abandon pilgrimages and defend Royal supremacy)
42
Q

Protestant reform in 1537 ?

A
  • Mathew bible published which was a distinctly protestant one that had the kings permission
43
Q

Example of slight drift to Protestantism 1537 ?

A
  • Bishops book (4 lost sacraments were rediscovered although to a lesser level)
44
Q

What threat in 1538 led HVIII to move back to Catholicism ?

A
  • Treaty of Nice by Charles and Francis which brought a halt to the war and caused the possibility of a joint invasion of England causing HVIII to move back to Catholicism with the 6 articles (1539)
45
Q

Protestant reform in 1538 ?

A
  • Royal injunctions to the clergy men issued by Cromwell (relics to be removed from churches, a clear sign of rejection of purgatory + English bible to be in all parishes within 2 years)
  • HVIII excommunicated by Paul III
46
Q

Evidence of Catholicism 1538 ?

A
  • Trial and execution of John Lambert for his rejection of transubstantiation (Commitment to Catholics)
47
Q

Protestant reform 1539

A
  • Publication of the Great Bible

- Act for dissolution of the greater monasteries

48
Q

Catholic reform in 1539 ?

A
  • Act of Six articles which marked a radical shift in doctrine (confirmed transubstantiation, private masses + confession by priests)
    Banned : Marriage of Priest + severe penalties eg denial of transubstantiation led to an automatic burning
49
Q

HVIII significance of marriage in 1540

A
  • Jan : married Anne of Cleves (sister of the Protestant Duke of Cleves)
  • Fall of Cromwell
  • July : Married Catherine Howard (niece of Norfolk)
50
Q

Evidence of Catholicism in 1543 ?

A
  • Act for advancement of true religion (restricted access to the English bible to upperclass men)
  • The kings book was published (defended transubstantiation and the 6 articles)
51
Q

Evidence of Protestant belief 1543 ?

A
  • Cranmer was protected by HVIII against the Catholic faction
  • Marriage to Catherine Parr
52
Q

Protestant reform 1544 ?

A
  • English Litnay introduced to churches (replaced catholic litny but didn’t have to be used)
  • Check appointed to tutor Edward (Humanist)
53
Q

1545 evidence of present reform ?

A
  • Chantries act passed but not enforced (dissolution of the chantries)
54
Q

1546 Evidence of Catholicism ?

A
  • Anne askew burned for denying Transubstantiation
55
Q

Evidence of protestant reform in 1546

A
  • HVIII named a heavily protestant council of regency for his heir (Protestant influenced inheritance for Prince Edward)

z Tudors : HVIII (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions