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Religious Studies OCR > religion, peace and conflict > Flashcards

religion, peace and conflict Flashcards

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1
Q

when does the bible show the first use of violence

A
  • when cain killed Abel out of jealousy anger.

- it is from cain’s sinful heart that violence comes

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2
Q

what does exodus 21:15-18 teach about the use of violence

A

-attacking, kidnapping and hitting with a fist are condemned

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3
Q

what causes some christians to believe that the use of violence in war to defend people and nations is acceptable?

A
  • when the wars are either to claim or to protect the land god has promised them
  • however these calls to war are set in the context of looking forward to a time of peace
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4
Q

when does Jesus demonstrate violence in the bible

A
  • righteous anger is acceptable
  • when Jesus came across traders and money changers in jeruselem he turned over their tables and drove them out, angered by their corruption
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5
Q

why do some christians argue that it is wrong to get involved between politics?

A
  • authorities are appointed by god so should be respectful and trusted.
  • the ‘evangelical movement’ does not get involved with politics and abstains from voting. but they do pray for good government
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6
Q

why do some christians argue that they should be involved between politics

A
  • they have a moral obligation
  • they believe they must speak up if there seems to be an injustice
  • they will seek to use their right to vote that best fits with Christian values
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7
Q

what is terrorism

A

illegal use of violence to cause fear and intimidation for political aims

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8
Q

state 2 beliefs that terrorists hold that cause them to act in the ways that they do

A
  • their actions have the potential to force change

- their use of terror is an appropriate response to the given situation or opposition

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9
Q

how do terrorist groups develop over time?

A
  • the marginalisation of minority groups ( feel they receive fewer rights or culture is being attacked)
  • fight for independence or land
  • when religious freedoms are violated some extremists choose to use violence to address the issue
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10
Q

state what mainstream christian churches believe about terrorism

A

-the use of hatred, terror and violence is not an appropriate response to terrorism.

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11
Q

what response does the church of England accept as necessary as a last resort dealing with terrorists?

A

accepts the use of lethal force as a last resort in dealing with terrorists

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12
Q

how does the church believe some of the causes of terrorism can be combatted

A

-the church believes creating stronger communities will help to combat some of the causes of terrorism

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13
Q

what is a just war

A

a war that meets certain criteria which makes it justifiable

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14
Q

what are the 3 areas that the just war covers

A
  • jus ad bellum
  • jus in bello
  • jus post bellum
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15
Q

what is jus ad bellum

A

consideration of whether it is right to go to war

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16
Q

what is jus in bello

A

this concerns the actions taken within a war, making sure the correct conduct is followed

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17
Q

what is jus post bellum

A

referring to the actions take after the war

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18
Q

what do both anglicans and catholics agree about war?

A

-war is always regretful as it signals that other peaceful means of solving a situation have failed

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19
Q

what is a holy war

A

a war that is believed to be fought on behalf of God and with his support

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20
Q

what are the causes of a holy war

A
  • claiming land for the religion
  • the spreading of the faith
  • defence of religious believers
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21
Q

what are the elements of a holy war?

A
  • the achievement of a religious goal
  • being authorised by a religious leader, such as the pope
  • the promise of a spiritual reward for those who take part
22
Q

When was the last time that the Catholic Church called on its followers to fight in a holy war?

A

The Crusades was the last time the Catholic Church called on its followers to fight in a holy war.

23
Q

give an example of a time in the bible when God sent his people to war

A

God told the Israelites to obtain land that was theirs

24
Q

what is the aim of a ‘rule of war’

A

-safeguard human life as far as possible

25
Q

give 2 examples of a rule of war

A
  • not allowing torture as part of war

- no use of biological weapon

26
Q

what are the christian attitudes to conventional warfare

A

-christians believe the bible teaches the need to aim for peace and to maintain justice and at times war is necessary

27
Q

what is an apocalyptic war?

A

-war that would lead to catastrophic results and widespread destructions (use of nuclear weapons)

28
Q

give 2 reasons why many Christians oppose the use of excessive force

A
  • Because Jesus told us to ‘love your enemy’

- they could wipe out whole nations

29
Q

what is the methodist’s attitude to apocalyptic warfare

A
  • they condemn the use of all possible weapons of mass destruction
  • not condemned the possession of nuclear weapons as a deterrent
30
Q

what are the christian attitude to technological warfare

A
  • This remote conduct can reduce awareness of the human cost of war
  • one side involved in the war reduces the death toll while the side without drones faces far greater death tolls
  • going to make war easier
31
Q

what does peace help with?

A
  • limit suffering
  • develop harmony
  • provides opportunities to promote mutual respect between people
32
Q

what does Isaiah 11:6 focus on

A

-the bible speaks of a time in the future when absolute peace will once again be restored

33
Q

why do some people choose to be a pacifist

A

-they believe there is always a way to solve a problem without the need to retort to violence

34
Q

what methods do pacifists use

A
  • protests

- boycotts

35
Q

what is absolute pacifism

A

-no use of military force whatsoever

36
Q

which 3 denominations advocate pacifism

A
  • amish
  • brethren
  • quakers
37
Q

what is conditionals pacifism

A

-is the belief that there are times when an act of war will be less bad than the alternative consequences, and so in those conditions war is necessary.

38
Q

Who should each individual seek forgiveness from?

A

Each individual should seek forgiveness from God and from the person they have wronged.

39
Q

What does Paul teach Christians to avoid doing?

A

Paul teaches Christians to avoid responding to any situation with an attitude of revenge.

40
Q

Give a Bible quote that supports Jesus’ teaching on forgiveness.

A

lords prayer- ‘as we forgive those who sin against us’

41
Q

what is reconciliation

A

restoration of relationships between former enemies and the creation of trust and understanding between them

42
Q

what happens in the catholic sacrament of reconciliation

A
  • a person can confess their sins to the priest and they are given absolution, this frees them from their sins and guilt before God
43
Q

give an example where there has been a positive impact of teachings about justice and forgiveness

A

when mother visited son’s killer and he got out she helped him find a place to live

44
Q

what is justice?

A

fair and equal treatment of all people within society

45
Q

what does justice include?

A
  • appropriate use of punishments

- rewards in society

46
Q

what is injustice?

A

when unfair action is allowed and can often lead to people’s rights being interfered

47
Q

what is the penalty for failing to meet God’s standards of perfection?

A

paid through the acceptance of Jesus’ sacrifice on the cross.

48
Q

what is social injustice

A

justice in terms of the distribution of wealth, opportunities and privileges within a society

49
Q

state three benefits for a society that is just

A
  • there are fewer reasons for people to be drawn into the conflict
    • people are less likely to feel marginalised or disempowered and this removes one of the central roots
    of terrorism
    • crime is punished appropriately and communities feel safer.
50
Q

describe the way in which christians may respond to social injustice

A
  • Christians may respond to social injustice by standing up for the weak and the oppressed.
  • They will advocate the rights and equal value of all human beings. They may do this through campaigns, protests and even boycotts.
51
Q

what is liberation theology

A

is a Christian idea that God has the power to change situations in the world that are unjust

52
Q

why do all christians oppose to any form of social injustice

A

-christians believe that every human has equal value in the eyes of God and so they aim to achieve justice for all people

Religious Studies OCR (9 decks)

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