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GCSE Religious Studies > Religion, Peace And Conflict > Flashcards

Religion, Peace And Conflict Flashcards

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1
Q

Define peace

A

Peace does not just mean ‘no war’
In a peaceful society everybody has enough to live comfortably, so there is no need for conflict and arguments

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2
Q

Give a scripture about peace

A

‘They will turn their swords into ploughs…. Nation will not take up sword against nation, nor will they train for war anymore’.

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3
Q

Define justice

A

This mean that everybody gets what they deserve e.g. a hard working citizen is paid a decent wage

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4
Q

Give 3 scriptures for justice

A

Loose the chains of injustice… set the oppressed free
Made in the image of god
Whatever you do for the least of my brothers you do for me

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5
Q

Define reconciliation

A

This takes place after a conflict and involves conscious effort to rebuild a relationship with your enemy

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6
Q

Give 3 examples of reconciliation

A

Prisoners of war released
Countries should be given help to rebuild their infrastructure
Peace treaty must not punish one side unfairly

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7
Q

Give 3 scriptures for reconciliation

A

Overcome evil with good
Love your neighbour
Love your enemies

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8
Q

Give three reasons for self defence

A

To defend your own country against attack
To defend a way of life
To defend your beliefs

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9
Q

Give an example of a country defending itself from attack

A

In WW2 the Battle of Britain prevented a German invasion

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10
Q

Give an example of defending a way of life

A

The American civil war was fought because the southern states wanted to continue keeping slaves

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11
Q

Give an example of defending your beliefs

A

The Israel and Palestine conflict

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12
Q

Give an example of retaliation

A

The war against Afghanistan was an act of retaliation after 9/11. America believed that the government of Afghanistan was sheltering the terrorists who planned the attack

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13
Q

Give an example of greed

A

When Britain fought against the Boers because their land was rich in diamond and gold

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14
Q

Give a scripture for land and resources

A

The love of money is the root of all evil (romans)

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15
Q

Give a scripture for retaliation

A

Do not repay anyone evil for evil. Be careful to do what is right

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16
Q

Define pacifism

A

Pacifism is the belief that violence is always wrong, and that peaceful means should be used to deal with conflict

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17
Q

Who was Martin Luther King?

A

A famous pacifist, making a point of turning the other cheek to fight against injustice. He said ‘meet hate with love’.

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18
Q

Who were conscientious objectors?

A

Pacifists who replaced the men who had gone to the front in the world wars. Some refused to assist with the war effort at all, believing war was wrong. These men went to prison

19
Q

What is the Quaker church?

A

A pacifist church, believing that it is better to use peaceful means to resolve conflict

20
Q

Give 3 Christian scriptures about pacifism

A

Do not kill
Turn the other cheek
Love your enemies

21
Q

Give 2 Buddhist scriptures about pacifism

A

1st moral precept - abstain from taking life
Metta is loving kindness for all creatures

22
Q

Who was the Dalai Lama?

A

The Buddhist leader of Tibet. When his country was invaded and he was forced into exile, he spoke out against violent retaliation. He won the Nobel peace prize for his efforts

23
Q

Evaluate the arguments against pacifism

A

Some argue that refusing to fight allows evil to continue unchallenged e.g if Britain was pacifist, Nazism would have become the way of life across Europe

24
Q

Evaluate the arguments for pacifism

A

Violence causes hatred which causes more violence. Wars don’t solve anything, they just cause future wars
We cannot argue that we are fighting to defend freedom if we take away people’s freedom by causing death or injury

25
Q

Give 3 conditions of a just war

A

Last resort
Ultimate goal must be to restore peace
Not to gain wealth/power

26
Q

Explain how WW2 is an example of a just war

A

Britain tried peace talks with Germany, but hitler went back on his word and invaded Poland, so war was a last resort
There was a serious threat

27
Q

Give the 3 types of weapons of mass destruction

A

Nuclear
Chemical eg nerve gas
Biological eg releasing viruses into the air

28
Q

What do christians think about nuclear weapons?

A

Many oppose them because they don’t fulfil the criteria for just war
They’re designed to deliberately target millions of civilians

29
Q

Give 2 scriptures for nuclear weapons

A

Do not kill
Those who live by the sword die by the sword

30
Q

Define a holy war

A

When believers fight in a war, started by a religious leader, to defend their faith. They believe God is on their side and will help them win. They think that in these circumstances war is RIGHT

31
Q

Explain how the crusades is an example of a holy war

A

The pope sent armies of Christians to recapture the holy land from Muslim invaders

32
Q

Define jihad

A

A personal challenge done for the love of allah

33
Q

Why is holy war no longer a Christian practice?

A

They consider it as a political decision, and nothing to do with their religious beliefs

34
Q

What is the aim of terrorism?

A

To terrify the citizens of a country, so that normal life does not continue. They use violence to get their message across

35
Q

Define a violent protest and give an example

A

Terrorist attacks that are specifically targeted
E.g. anti-abortionists bombing family planning clinics

36
Q

Who was Dietrich Bonhoeffer?

A

A Christian pastor who was part of a group attempting to assassinate hitler by planting a bomb

37
Q

State Bonhoeffer’s quote

A

Any failure to act is simply to condone evil

38
Q

What is the aim of a just war?

A

To bring peace

39
Q

State three ways to rebuild relationships after war

A

International events will be organised to bring countries together
Prisoners of war released
Countries given help to rebuild infrastructure

40
Q

What is Caritas?

A

A Christian organisation that serves those who are suffering as a result of conflict
For example, they provided food and shelter for Syrians fleeing the bombing of their country

41
Q

What is the Tzu Chi Project?

A

A Buddhist organisation that helps victims of war
For example, they distribute food and other basic necessities

42
Q

Define metta

A

Loving kindness for all creatures - including your worst enemies

43
Q

Define karuna

A

Compassion, Buddhists will therefore choose to help victims of war

44
Q

Give two steps of the eightfold path

A

Right livelihood
Right action

GCSE Religious Studies (8 decks)

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