Religion, Humanism, Arts And Learning

Question 1

How many parish churches were there?

Answer 1

Over 8000

Question 2

What did the Church offer? What did its guilds and confraternities offer?

Answer 2

Popular entertainment, festivals. Their guilds and confraternities offered charity, fellowship and the chance to do good for the community.

Question 3

How did the Church help maintain the elites’ control?

Answer 3

Encouragement of good behaviour and obedience

Question 4

Why was the Church significant politically?

Answer 4

It provided international relations and was involved in domestic matters

Question 5

What did the Pope seek through Thomas Morton in order to marry Henry and the Elizabeth of York?

Answer 5

A dispensation

Question 6

What was the relationship between the Church and State during Henry’s reign?

Answer 6

Erastian (State has authority over the Church)

Question 7

Which 2 provinces did an archbishop have jurisdiction over?

Answer 7

Canterbury and York

Question 8

What did a bishop have control over? How many of these were there?

Answer 8

Dioceses, of which there was 17

Question 9

Which office of State was especially monopolised by clergymen?

Answer 9

The chancellor (highest adviser to the king)

Question 10

Who shared membership of the House of Lords with the bishops?

Answer 10

Abbots, heads of the wealthiest religious families

Question 11

How did an individual acquiring grace help them reach heaven quicker?

Answer 11

Minimising the time of the soul being in purgatory

Question 12

What were the seven sacraments to reach heaven?

Answer 12

-Baptism
-Confirmation, transition from childhood to adulthood
-Marriage
Anointing of the sick
-Penance
-Holy Orders, process of priest being empowered to deliver sacraments
-Eucharist

Question 13

What was the Eucharist?

Answer 13

Church members receive wine and bread to represent Christ’s blood and body to be nourished and get closer to God

Question 14

What was the central religious experience of the Catholic Church?

Answer 14

Mass

Question 15

What was the process called where the bread and wine literally transformed into the body and blood of Christ?

Answer 15

Transubstantiation

Question 16

Who only took the bread in Mass?

Answer 16

Lay members

Question 17

For what reason was Mass important?

Answer 17

-Sacred ritual for the whole community

Question 18

What was the most important festival where the bread was important?

Answer 18

Corpus Christi

Question 19

What 4 things did the dying leaving money to the parish church do?

Answer 19

• Enhance beauty of worship
• Ensure remembrance of benefactor
• Reduce time benefactor spends in purgatory
• Foundation of the chantries

Question 20

What were confraternities?

Answer 20

Groups of men who paid for funeral costs of members, maintain church fabric and donations for the parish church

Question 21

What did some wealthy guilds do?

Answer 21

Run schools, almshouses, maintain bridges and roads

Question 22

What did a pilgrimage do?

Answer 22

Help an individual gain relief from purgatory

Question 23

What happened on Rogation Sunday?

Answer 23

The whole community would carry banners to ward off evil spirits

Question 24

What percentage of adult males in England in 1500 were monks, living in monasteries?

Answer 24

1%

Question 25

What were the oldest and most common religious order called?

Answer 25

The Benedictines

Question 26

Where was one of the largest Benedictine houses?

Answer 26

Durham

Question 27

Where in society did a large amount of monks come from?

Answer 27

Wealthy parts

Question 28

What were the 3 main orders of friars?

Answer 28

• The Dominicans
• The Franciscans
• The Augustinians

Question 29

Were the women of the nunneries suitable for marriage?

Answer 29

No

Question 30

Why did the nunneries have less prestige than monasteries?

Answer 30

Because they were mostly populated by women, instead of men

Question 31

Why did Lollards want the Bible to be translated to English?

Answer 31

To understand the Bible

Question 32

In what 3 ways were the Lollards sceptical of the Catholic Church?

Answer 32

• Transubstantiation
• Principles of the Eucharist
• Corruption of the Catholic Church

Question 33

What were Lollard views considered to southern parts of England?

Answer 33

Heresy

Question 34

What were Humanists?

Answer 34

Believers in the Catholic Church, and the notion of free will

Question 35

Who were 2 of the earliest humanist scholars in England?

Answer 35

William Grocyn and Thomas Linacre

Question 36

Who was John Colet?

Answer 36

An influential humanist educator

Question 37

What did Desiderius Erasmus help John Colet with?

Answer 37

Using humanist approaches to reform the Church from within

Question 38

What did ‘song schools’ and ‘reading schools’ provide?

Answer 38

Elementary education

Question 39

How many grammar schools were founded between 1460 and 1509?

Answer 39

53

Question 40

What would secondary schools be called during Henry’s reign?

Answer 40

Grammar schools

Question 41

What was central to the grammar school curriculum?

Answer 41

The study of Latin

Question 42

Where did university education take place?

Answer 42

Oxford and Cambridge

Question 43

Who benefited the University of Cambridge and founded Christ’s College and St John’s College?

Answer 43

Lady Margaret Beaufort

Question 44

Where did plays take place?

Answer 44

Church-ale festivals

Question 45

When did the most famous dramas take place?

Answer 45

The feasts of the Corpus Christi, to send straightforward religious messages

Question 46

When did music entertain crowds?

Answer 46

Saints’ days

Question 47

Who were the 2 most important composers in the Choirbook?

Answer 47

Thomas Browne and Robert Fayrfax

Question 48

Where was music performed?

Answer 48

Homes of the wealthy or a special occasion

Question 49

In which year did Henry approve the gothic perpendicular style for the Lady Chapel at Westminster Abbey?

Answer 49

1502