Religion: Conflict And Dissent, 1625-88 Flashcards
Who established the Anglican church
Elizabeth I
Why did Elizabeth I establish the Anglican church
As a ‘middle way’ between Catholicism and European Protestantism
What features of the Catholic church were kept in the Anglican church
Catholic worship
Priests vestments
Incense
Who did Anglican beliefs reflect the teachings of
Anglican beliefs reflect the teachings of Swiss reformer John Calvin
What did the middle way ensure
The middle way was an uneasy compromise but ensured religious piece for many years
What were the two groups growing out of the Anglican church
The two groups growing out of Anglicanism were
Arminianism
Puritans
What was Arminianism
Arminianism was a set of beliefs which promoted church services involving rituals and formal ceremony
What beliefs did Arminianism follow
Arminians followed the traditional Catholic beliefs in free will
What does free will mean
Individuals could choose whether or not to follow a path to salvation
Who were puritans
Puritans were Anglicans who opposed rituals and priestly vestments
What did Puritans want to do
They wanted to purify services by promoting simplicity rather than ceremony
What were puritans concerned for
Puritans were also concerned for people’s moral improvement and supported actions against moral misbehaviour, such as adultery and drunkenness
What did Puritans believe in
They also believed in the Calvinist doctrine of predestination
What did the Calvinist doctrine of predestination state
That God had already chosen those who would be saved, regardless of their behaviour during their lifetime
When was William Laud appointed Archbishop of Canterbury
William Laud was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury in 1633
What changes did William Laud make to churches
The communication table was moved to the east end of the church
Vestments and incense were to be used in services
Stained-glass windows were to be installed in churches
Why did Arminian measures to the church anger the Puritans
Arminian measures angered the Puritans because they stressed the outward forms of worship
What did Puritans believe Laud was doing to the Church
Puritans believed that Laud was moving the church in the direction of Catholicism
What was the Puritans reaction to the book of sports
The Puritans were offended by the book of Sport
When was the book of sport issued
Book of sport was issued in 1633
What did the book of sport allow
The book of sport allowed people to participate in traditional sports and pastimes on Sundays
Why did many people like Laud’s reforms
Many people welcomed Laud’s reforms because they imposed fewer demands on those who attended Sunday services
Approved the reduction in the number of sermons
How were Lauds measures imposed
To ensure that Laud’s measures were imposed, visitations by agents of bishops in their dioceses
what courts did Laud use to impose Laudianism
Laud made use of the church courts, notably the Court of High Commission
What punishment was given to the people who didn’t follow Laudanums
Fines or imprisonments were given to those who refused to impose Laudanums
Why did many Puritan clergy migrate to America after 1633
Many puritan clergy were unable to accept the changes to church services, and wanted to worship freely without fear of persecution
What did many gentry regard Laud’s actions as disrupting
Many gentry regarded Laud’s actions as disrupting the Elizabethan middle way
When was the trial of Prynne, Bastwick and Burton
The trial of Prynne, Bastwick and Burton was in 1637
Who were Prynne, Bastwick and Burton
Prynne, Bastwick and Burton were middle-class professionals
What were Prynne, Bastwick and Burton charged with
Prynne, Bastwick and Burton were charged with smuggling anti-Arminian tracts from abroad and publishing attacks on Bishops
What was the punishment for Prynne, Bastwick and Burton
Prynne, Bastwick and Burton were sentenced to have their ears mutilated and imprisoned for life
What did Laud’s opponents believe about his punishments
Laud’s opponents believed that the harsh sentences were out of proportion to their offences
Where would attacks on Laud figure prominently
Attacks on Laud were to figure prominently in the meeting of the Long Parliament in 1640
What did the Church of England play a key role in in the years up to 1640
In the years up to 1640 the Church of England played a key role in the political and social life of the country
