Religion and conflict

Question 1

Holy War

Answer 1

Any war fought by divine command or for a primarily religious purpose

Question 2

Motivations for Holy war

Answer 2

1. fight to defend religion
2. fight to ensure religious conformity and punish deviance
3. fight under the direction of charismatic religious leaders

Question 3

Jihad

Answer 3

Struggle

Question 4

Lesser jihad

Answer 4

political or militant struggle

Question 5

greater jihad

Answer 5

inward striving for perfect peace

Question 6

Just War

Answer 6

war seen as necessary evil

violence is permitted with the aim to limit violence, war and human rights abuses

Question 7

Jus ad bellum

Answer 7

just cause
right intention
last resort

Question 8

jus in bello

Answer 8

just conduct

non-combatant immunity

Question 9

Milhemet Mitzvah

Answer 9

Obligatory war in which jews are commanded to fight

Question 10

Pacifism

Answer 10

opposition to war

commitment to peace

Question 11

himsa (Hinduism)

Answer 11

sanskrit for violence

Question 12

Ahimsa (hinduism)

Answer 12

sanskrit for non-violence

Question 13

kshatriyas

Answer 13

hindu warrior

Question 14

Brahmins

Answer 14

hindu academics and priests

Question 15

mahabharata

Answer 15

ahimsa is ideal but kshatriyas will fight according to code of ethics

Question 16

The bhagaved gita

Answer 16

for kshatriya war is dharma

Question 17

Just peacemaking

Answer 17

support non-violent direct action

reduce weapons

Question 18

Nationalist (political) terrorist

Answer 18

The goal is the form a separate state for their own national group often drawing attention to a fight for ‘national liberation’

Question 19

Religous (terrorist)

Answer 19

The goal is to further what they see as a divinely commanded purpose, often targeting broad categories of opponents in an attempt to bring about a sweeping change

Question 20

griviances that give rise to religous terrorism

Answer 20

alienation
humiliation
historical wrongs
claims over territories