Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

religion > Religion and Belief Systems in Australia post-1945 > Flashcards

Religion and Belief Systems in Australia post-1945 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Religion Crash Course flashcards
1
Q

Define the Dreaming

A

Worldview of Indigenous people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Kinship

A

Determining belonging and responsibilities within a clan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the four aspects of ceremonial life

A
  • Art
  • Stories
  • Rituals
  • Totems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name an example of the Dreaming stories

A

The Rainbow Serpent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name two rituals Indigenous people usually partake in

A
  • Initiation ceremony- introducing children to the adult world
  • Smoking ceremony- warn off evil spirits and better those who are ill
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some important aspects of rituals?

A
  • Dancing
  • Singing
  • Stories
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Totems?

A

Represent the individual in the Dreaming and carry ceremonial responsibilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Provide a quote for rituals

A

“We are dancing, singing, and painting for the land. We are celebrating the land. Removed from our lands, we are literally removed from ourselves.” Mick Dodson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do the people have obligations to the land?

A

Through being inextricably connected to the land, Indigenous people’s purpose is to serve their land, and nourish it for their metatemporal beliefs. The land is the physical medium through which the Dreaming is lived out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Provide a quote for obligations to the land and people

A

“We cultivated our land, but in a way different from the white man. We endeavour to live with the land; they seemed to live off it.” Elder Tom Dystra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the four aspects of the continuing effects of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities

A
  • Dispossession methods
  • Separation from the land
  • Separation from Kinship groups
  • The Stolen Generations (1900- 1972)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two common ways in which dispossession occurred?

A
  • Forcibly removing children and putting them into church or government run programs
  • Assimilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the effect of the Indigenous people experiencing dispossession?

A

The loss of their land is the equivalent to the loss of spiritual identity, leading to the burden of not being able to fulfil ritual responsibilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What aspects were taken away from the victims?

A
  • Stories of the Dreaming
  • Loosing language
  • Not being able to practice their culture
  • Can’t fulfil totemic and kinship obligations
  • Can’t protect sacred sites
  • Aren’t connected to their ancestral beings
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the consequences of seperation from Kinship groups?

A
  • Loss of family and guidance,

- Inability to transmit knowledge of the Dreaming, the Dreaming stories and language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Provide a quote for the Stolen generation

A

“Whole communities lost their confidence in bring up their own children, and have been denied one of the most important and precious roles” Bring Them Home Report, 1997

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

List five immediate results of dispossession

A
  • Separation from land, law, culture, kinship and family
  • Death, massacres
  • Loss of identity and culture fragmentation
  • Emotional, physical and sexual abuse
  • Inability to fulfil ritual responsibilities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

List six continuing results on dispossession

A
  • Reduced life expectancy
  • Increased infant mortality
  • Overrepresentation in gaol
  • Educational disadvantages
  • Higher rates of unemployment
  • Higher use of Government services
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many stages are there of dispossession?

A

Five

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name, provide the year and elaborate upon the first stage of dispossession

A

Non-recognition
1788-1880s
First fleet- dispossession- deprivation of land, introduced disease- separation from the Dreaming and religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Name, provide the year and elaborate upon the second stage of dispossession

A

Protection
1880-1930s
Change of attitude?- removal from unstable environments, placement in state protection in hopes culture would die out, banned from practicing their culture, stolen generations (isolated people)- white dominance, loss of like to land, knowledge not passed on, separation from tribes and totems, identity lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Name, provide the year and elaborate upon the third stage of dispossession

A

Assimilation
Mid 20th century
Absorb Indigenous into white community- forget cultural identity- deny of rights (live, work, pay, vote)- policy abandoned in 1972- separation, denied opportunities, prohibition of traditional practices, prevention of fulfilment of land obligations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Name, provide the year and elaborate upon the fourth stage of dispossession

A

Stolen generations
Encouraged assimilation, hope to breed out- maltreatment, sexual abuse, emotional and physical abuse, loss of identity, culture and kinship- loss of identity and purpose of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Name, provide the year and elaborate upon the fifth stage of dispossession

A

Self determination
1970s
Growth of Australia’s multicultural aspects- ‘allowing’ Aboriginals to determine and control their own future- attempted to reconnect with their spirituality but were unable to, due to decades of land and family separation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the order of the Land Rights Movement? Include the years of each

A
  1. Mabo Mabo (1992)
  2. Native Title Act (1993)
  3. Wik (1996)
  4. Native Title Amd (1998)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How was the Native Title Act established? What led to it?

A
  • The Mabo Case led to the accepting of the Native Title, through the introduction of the Native Title Act in 1993
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What does the Native Title Act enable?

A

Recognition of Indigenous peoples right to the use and occupy their rightful land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How can one claim this?

A

The Indigenous person or peoples must prove they have a continuing connection with the land that is unbroken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What was the process of the Mabo case?

A

Mabo and a group of Indigenous people fought the Queensland government in 1992, seeking legal recognition of their land, because their families had owned it.
This case went to the high court where it was approved.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What was the result of the Mabo case?

A

The government passed the Native Title Act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Why was this notion so important for Indigenous peoples?

A

This was important in two ways; notion of Terra Nullius was overturned and it existed for all Indigenous people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Explain what caused to occur

A

In 1996 the High Court ruled in favour of the Wik people of Cape York, Queensland who argued that Pastoral Leases (land owned by government, also known as leaseholders) granted over their area of claim didn’t extinguish their Native Title Rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What was the outcome of this dispute?

A

Court ruled that in certain circumstances native title and leasehold title can co-exist

34
Q

Who established the Native Title Amendment Act? (AKA TEN POINT PLAN)

A

John Howard, the Prime minister of Australia at the time

35
Q

What was the new adjustment of this?

A

Amended the Native Title Act in favour of the leasehold title holder, in response to pressure from rural investors who wanted to reduce the potential rights of native title claimants

36
Q

What was the effect of the Amended act?

A

It was seen as a step backwards, because it cut off many Aboriginal’s ability to claim Native Title on land

37
Q

Why is the Dreaming important for the Land Rights Movement?

A

Aboriginal belief systems, rituals, traditions and laws are all intimately connected with the land and Aboriginal people have ritual responsibilities to take care of the land and sacred sites, without the land they cannot fulfil their duties

38
Q

SECOND PART OF THE TOPIC

A

RELIGIOUS EXPRESSION IN AUSTRALIA

39
Q

What is the % growth 2011-2016 for Christianity?

A

7.22% decline

40
Q

What is the % growth 2011-2016 for Hinduism?

A

59.80%

41
Q

What is the % growth 2011-2016 for No Religion?

A

46.78%

42
Q

Name the five topics of the Present Religious Landscape

A
  • Christianity as a major religion
  • Immigration
  • Denominational switching
  • Rise of New Age Religions
  • Secularism
43
Q

What are the two main reason Christianity is Australia’s major religion?

A
  • The ‘White Australia Policy’

- European settlers

44
Q

What percent of Australia was Christian in 1947?

A

88%

45
Q

Why do you think adherents of Christianity has declined so much

A
  • Attending services seen as a burden
  • Outdated beliefs
  • Current scandals associated
  • Rise of secularism
46
Q

What denominations have seen a significant decrease? Compare the statistics from two years

A

Anglican
1947- 39%
2016- 13.3%

47
Q

What did the elimination of the White Australia Policy result in?

A

Increased diversity- changes in religious statistics

48
Q

Name the war which resulted in an increase in immigration, and what religions they initiated

A

Vietnam war
Migration from Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia
Inviting religions of Buddhism

49
Q

How did World War 2 effect Australia’s religious beliefs?

A

Australian government after WW2 actively sought immigration in the belief the nation’s security and economic property was dependent upon increase to its population. To do this they offered assisted passage to migrants

50
Q

What does denominal switching refer to?

A

The transfer of followers from one Christian denomination to another

51
Q

What is the main example of denominational switching?

A

From one denomination to the Pentecostal denomination

52
Q

Why is this switch popular?

A
  • Entertaining masses
  • Loud and modern music
  • Focus on self improvement rather than biblical studies
53
Q

What are New Age Religions?

A

May include a combination of rituals and beliefs from a number of religions, in order to satisfy individual needs

54
Q

What is the focus of New Age Religion?

A

Typically focuses on individual fulfilment, fostering individual growth and spiritual needs

55
Q

Name one reason as to why New Age Religion is increasing popular

A
  • Freedom- pick and choose which beliefs and practices to follow
56
Q

Name an example of a New Age Religion and its purpose

A

Feng Shui

Claims to use energy forces to harmonise individuals with their surrounding environment

57
Q

What is secularism?

A

Belief that religion should not interfere with or be integrated into the public affairs of a society

58
Q

Name four reasons for increases in secularism

A
  • Increasing pluralism
  • Materialism and Individualism
  • Disillusionment with traditional religions
  • Trust in Science
59
Q

What is Ecuminism?

A

The movement among Christian Churches to promote the restoration of unity among all Christians

60
Q

When was the Uniting Church created?

A

1977

61
Q

What does the Uniting Church compose of?

A
  • Congregational Union of Australia
  • Methodist Church of Australasia
  • Presbyterian Church of Australia
62
Q

Name two Ecumenical movements

A
  • The national Council of Churches

- NSW Ecumenical Council

63
Q

What movement did the NCCA succeed?

A

Australian Council of the Churches

64
Q

What is the purpose of the NCCA?

A

Aims to promote similarities, appreciation for differences, and create unified front on important issues

65
Q

Do they support any initiatives?

A

They support the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission who focus on important issues such as reconciliation and the education of the Indigenous

66
Q

When was the NSW Ecumenical Council established?

A

1946

67
Q

How many member churches does it have?

A

16

68
Q

What is the purpose of it?

A

Address issues of justice and equity for all people

69
Q

What’s one important cause it contributes to?

A

One of its particular missions focuses on the rights of indigenous Australians

70
Q

Why is interfaith dialogue important? / What is the purpose of it?

A

Allows a formal discussion aimed towards developing greater mutual understanding between different religious traditions

71
Q

What does it enable?

A

It allows different religious traditions to come to a. better appreciation of the uniqueness of each other

72
Q

Why is essential?

A

Australia is an increasingly pluralistic society, interfaith dialogue creates respect and appreciation for religious diversity which is essential for harmony and peace

73
Q

What is the Islamic Sciences & Research Academy’s purpose?

A

Community building; cooperation in religious, social, environmental (and other) areas of concern

74
Q

What is the Jewish Christian Muslim Association of Australia’s purpose?

A

Promotes prevention of emotional and physical abuse arising from religious intolerance and cultural discrimination

75
Q

What is the Uniting Church’s purpose?

A

Inspire people, enliven communities and confront injustice

76
Q

What is an important quote from this?

A

Andrew Dutney launched the ‘We’ll Love Muslims 100 Years’ statement

77
Q

Name five benefits of Ecumenism

A
  • Natural outcome of globalisation
  • Eliminate social barriers, stigma and stereotype
  • Foster open minds, tolerance and respect
  • Allows mutual goals and values to be established
  • Builds positive relationships to strengthen communities and celebrate diversity
78
Q

Name five limitations of Ecumenism

A
  • Criticism from own communities who don’t see value in initiatives
  • Controversy of ‘watering down’ and distorting religious beliefs in attempt to reconcile with other religions
  • Not entering with open minds or respect
  • Ineffective communication/cooperation
  • Self-promotion of faith tradition
79
Q

What is the purpose of Reconciliation?

A

builds better relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people who are respected leaders in their fields and share a determination to do whatever it takes to build reconciliation

80
Q

Name five example of religious traditions involvement in Reconciliation

A
  • 1967 Catholic Church and NCCA campaigned for the referendum to grant Aboriginal people citizenship
  • 1992 Mabo Decision publicly supported by Christian church groups
  • 2016 message from Pope Francis: “Your culture, which shows the lasting genius and dignity of your race, must
    not be allowed to disappear”
  • Jewish groups hold a week of prayer for reconciliation every year
  • Australian Federation of Islamic Councils & the Buddhist Peace Fellowship have made statements in support of rights and reconciliation

religion (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions