Depth study 1- Christianity Flashcards
What are the three topics you’re study?
- Significant person- Pope John XXIII (23rd)
- Bioethics- abortion, IVF and artificial insemination and euthanasia
- Significant practice- Baptism
What class of family was Pope John born into?
Poor
When was he ordained a Priest? How old was he?
1904
He was 77
When did he become a Pope?
1958
What was a significant part of his life before becoming a Pope?
He was in WWII as a Chaplin
How was he a role model for adherents?
- Modelled tolerance, diplomacy and positive relationships
- Strong sense of social justice
- Compassion inspired Christians
- True model of Jesus
Recite one of his quotes which represent his good character
“The true and solid peace of nations consists not in quality of arms, but in mutual trust alone”
What was the churches liturgy like before him becoming Pope? How did they change?
BEFORE-
- All in Latin
- Priests had back to people
- Laity were passive observers
AFTER-
- “Full, conscious and active participation of the people in the celebration of the liturgy.”
- Laity given responses, prayers, hymns, ministries
- Incorporation of music
What was the churches ecclesiology like before him becoming Pope? How did they change?
BEFORE-
- Hierarchy
AFTER-
- “The baptised… are consecrated as… a holy priesthood.”
- Laity and ordained were equal
What was the churches revelation like before him becoming Pope? How did they change?
BEFORE-
- Bible in latin and couldn’t be translated
- Laity should not read the Bible
- Modern biblical analysis was banned
AFTER-
- Encourage to study the Bible in the vernacular
- Modern methods of analysis allowed
What was the churches relation with the world like before him becoming Pope? How did they change?
BEFORE-
- Church = ‘prefect society’
- Secular world = corrupt
- Catholics couldn’t interact with non-Catholics
AFTER-
- ‘Signs of the times’ were positive and negative
- Church stands in solidarity with all of humankind
- Place of the church to contribute to societal issues
What was the churches relations with other Christians like before him becoming Pope? How did they change?
BEFORE-
- ‘Outside the Church is no salvation’
- Catholic is the one true Church; all others should be suppressed by State
AFTER-
- Decree of Ecumenism > Better relationship, acceptance, sharing of prayer and social actions
- Decree on Missionary Activity > Live with the people and absorb they ways and culture
- Decree on Eastern Churches > Right of own distinct liturgical practices – Maronite married priests
What was the churches relations with other religions like before him becoming Pope? How did they change?
BEFORE-
- Superstition of demonically inspired
- Non-baptised would go to hell
- Jewish people shared collective guilt as they decided (God-killers)
AFTER-
- All persons have a right to religious liberty
- Wrong for a government to impose religious beliefs
- Recognition of commonalities between Catholic and other religions
What did Pope John do to the church?
He modernised it
List his five physical contributions
- Promoting Ecumenism (unity among Christian churches)
- Promoting interfaith dialogue (relation between religions)
- Papal Encyclicals
- World peace
- Calling of the Second Vatican Council
What are the papal encyclicals and how many were there?
Letters sent to all churches with Popes interests.8 encyclicals
What did the Second Vatican Council initiate?
16 formal documents
What were the types of documents and how many of each?
- 4 constitutions
- 9 decrees
- 3 declearations
Name the four constitutions, what is the purpose of one
The Liturgy
The Church
Divine Revelation
The Church in the Modern World- purpose in mind to provide both Christians and non-Christians with some understanding of deep insights into the world and to raise a conciseness to the need to improve it.
Name the nine decrees, what is the purpose of one
Decree on Ecumensim- aimed at achieving the restoration of church unity. Decree on Missionary activity Decree on Lay people Decree on Bishops in the Church Decree on Social communication Decree on Priestly training Decree on Eastern Churches Decree on Renewal of Religious life Decree on Life of Priests
Name the three declarations, what is the purpose of one
Declaration on Religious Freedom- values of religion itself for men and society are to be protected and fostered by the Church and by other religious communities availing themselves of their freedom
Declaration on Relations with Non-Christians
Declaration on Christian Education
Name two encyclicals and the purpose of each
MATER ET MAGISTRA – MOTHER AND TEACHER (1961)- explores the churches role in achieving social progress and justice in the world
PACEM IN TERRIS – PEACE ON EARTH (1963)- optimum individual and community development in all spheres to preserve human dignity and peace
List his changes to and impacts on Christianity
- Changed liturgy
- Removal of triumphalism (belief that Catholic church alone held the truth)
- Removal of clericalism (emphasis on clergy and exclusion of laity)
- Removal of juridicism (legalism to detriment of people)
Provide some quotes
Once we have attained the truth in its fullness, integrity and purity, unity should pervade our minds, hearts and actions. ABOUT UNITY
Name his four main contributions
- Vatican 2
- Ecumenism
- Publishing Encyclicals
- Contributing to interfaith dialogue
Name the five Christian ethical teachings
- The golden rule
- Sanctity of life
- Human dignity
- Stewardship
- Doctrine of double effect
Name the bible reference and quote of the golden rule
“Do to others what you would have them do to you” Matthew 7:12
What is the notion of sanctity of life? Name a bible reference and quote of such
All humankind is created in God’s image
“So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them” Genesis 1:27
What is the notion of human dignity?
All humans are equal in dignity, hence, all people deserve respect, compassion and justice
What is the notion of stewardship?
Human beings are considered as stewards rather than owners of their lives as God is the creator of them
What is the double doctrine effect?
If doing something morally good has a morally bad side-effect it’s ethically OK to do it providing the bad side-effect wasn’t intended
Name the four sources of bioethics
- Scripture
- Tradition
- Human experiences
- Logic and reasoning
Provide five examples of scriptures
- 10 Commandments Exodus 20:1-17
- Beatitudes
- Golden Rule/Commandment
- Parables (e.g. Good Samaritan)
- Proverbs (Jewish ethics)
Provide four examples of tradition
- Ecclesiastical (Church) Law
- Magisterium (specifically Catholic- authority of Vatican)
- Apostles Tradition
- Natural Law (Catholic)
Provide three examples of human experiences
- Person’s conscience being formed/informed about issue
- Prayer
- Guidance sought in relation to decision
